Leaf area index (LAI)  Validation  Temporal continuity  LAINet observation system  Consistent Adjustment of the Climatology  to Actual Observations (CACAO)  

ARIMA  Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average  ANN  Artificial Neural Networks  KF  Kalman Filter  MSM  Markov Switching Model  PCA  Principal Component Analysis  AA  Apriori Algorithm  BT  Bayesian Theory  SBM  Structural Break Modeling  GMCM  Gaussian Mixture Copula Model  NWP  Numerical Weather Prediction  KSF  Kalman Short-term Filtering  HIRLAM  High Resolution Limited Area Model  BP  Back Propagation  RBF  Radial Basis Function  ALE  Adaptive Linear Element  MAS  Multiple Architecture System  MLR  Multiple Linear Regression  MLP  Multi-Layer Perceptron  RBF  Radial Basis Function  SVM  Support Vector Machine  ABA  Ada-boost Algorithm  PSO  Particle Swarm Optimization  FAC  First-order Adaptive Coefficient  SAC  Second-order Adaptive Coefficient  SAA  Seasonal Adjustment Algorithm  ESM  Exponential Smoothing Method  MFNN  Multi-layer Feed-forward Neural Networks  FRR  Fuzzy Rough Regression  ELM  Extreme Learning Machines  MM5  Fifth Generation Mesoscale Model  GNWP  Global Numerical Weather Prediction  EPA  Evolutionary Programming Algorithm  OFM  Organizing Feature Maps  WD  Wavelet Decomposition  WPD  Wavelet Packet Decomposition  NF  Neuro-Fuzzy  ANFIS  Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems  PM  Persistent Model  UKF  Unscented Kalman Filter  SVR  Support Vector Regression  FEEMD  Fast Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition  HM  Hammerstein Model  AR  Auto Regressive  EMD  Empirical Mode Decomposition  SDA  Secondary Decomposition Algorithm  PRWM  Persistent Random Walk Model  IMFs  Intrinsic Mode Functions  EEMD  Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition  GD-BP  Gradient Descent Back Propagation  GDM-BP  Gradient Descent with Momentum Back Propagation  GD-ALR-BP  Gradient Descent with Adaptive Learning Rate Back Propagation  GDM-ALR-BP  Gradient Descent with Momentum and Adaptive Learning Rate Back Propagation  CG-BP-FRU  Conjugate Gradient Back Propagation with Fletcher-Reeves Updates  CG-BP-PR  Conjugate Gradient Back Propagation with Polak-Ribiére Update  CG-BP-PBR  Conjugate Gradient Back Propagation with Powell-Beale Restarts  SCG-BP  Scaled Conjugate Gradient Back Propagation  BFGS-BP  Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno Back Propagation  OSS-BP  One Step Secant Back Propagation  LM-BP  Levenberg Marquardt Back Propagation  MAE  Mean Absolute Error  MAPE  Mean Absolute Percentage Error  RMSE  Root Mean Square Error  Wind speed forecasting  Secondary decomposition algorithm  Wavelet packet decomposition  Fast ensemble empirical mode decomposition  Elman neural networks  

WDF  Weibull Distribution Function  WD  Wavelet Decomposition  WPD  Wavelet Packet Decomposition  EEMD  Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition  FEEMD  Fast Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition  SAM  Seasonal Adjustment Method  ESM  Exponential Smoothing Method  RBF  Radial Basis Function  HWM  Holt Winters Model  PSO  Particle Swarm Optimization  MLP  Multilayer Perceptron Network  GA  Genetic Algorithm  PCA  Principal Component Analysis  BT  Bayesian Theory  SBM  Structural Break Modeling  EMD  Empirical Mode Decomposition  ANN  Artificial Neural Networks  UKF  Unscented Kalman Filter  SVR  Support Vector Regression  AR  Auto Regressive  OFM  Organizing Feature Maps  PM  Persistence Method  WTT  Wavelet Transform Technique  ENN  Elman Neural Network  CWT  Continuous Wavelet Transform  IMF  Intrinsic Mode Functions  ANFIS  Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System  ARIMA  Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average  BFGS  Broyden Fletcher Goldfarb Shanno Algorithm  RBFN  Radial Basis Function Network  Wind energy  Wind speed forecasting  Wind speed predictions  Empirical mode decomposition  Fast ensemble empirical mode decomposition  Wavelet decomposition  Wavelet packet decomposition  Artificial neural networks  

Wind speed forecasting  Kolmogorov-Smirnov test  Year-ahead daily average wind speed forecasting  Seasonal exponential adjustment  Back-propagation neural network