| 题名 | 面向设施农业的无线传感器网络监测系统 |
| 作者 | 常慧 |
| 学位类别 | 工程硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015-06-20 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 谭民 |
| 关键词 | 无线传感器网络（WSN） 环境监测 休眠 同步 数据存储 辅助导航 WSN Environmental Monitoring Sleep Synchronization Data Storage Aided Navigation |
| 其他题名 | Wireless Sensor Network Monitoring System in Facility Agriculture |
| 学位专业 | 控制工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 随着通信技术、集成电路、感知技术及微电子技术的发展，无线传感器网络（WSN）技术日益完善。无线传感器网络低成本、微型化、自组织和大规模等特点使其在监控系统中应用广泛。基于WSN的监测系统，既能有效地采集和无线传输环境参数，又能为监控中心提供警报信息。 本文的研究工作主要围绕无线传感器网络设施农业环境监测系统展开，针对WSN的软硬件平台，网络拓扑，电源管理和时间同步等问题进行研究。论文的主要内容包括： 1、论文介绍了基于本实验室无线传感器网络平台研发的监测系统，包括系统架构、组网结构、通信协议、硬件平台和监测软件的设计等。其中，智能传感器节点扩展了传感器节点的环境感知能力，由网络摄像头组成的视频网络为视觉信息采集提供了基础设施。 2、针对无线传感器网络的电源管理问题，本文对传感器节点休眠问题进行分析，提出了具有报警功能的周期性休眠机制，既满足周期性环境监测的需求，又具有对环境异常状况的捕捉能力。 3、针对无线传感器网络时间同步问题，本文提出了基于小范围内的时间同步机制。利用节点之间的信息反馈，通过路由节点发送的休眠命令，使得小范围内的传感器节点同时进入休眠状态，从而达到时间同步。 4、设计了以网关节点为中心的数据存储结构和数据库，实现了通过客户端软件或者网页登陆的方式访问不同监测区域网关节点的数据库，查询历史数据和实时数据的功能。 5、通过大规模农田仿真实验和农田实地实验对监测系统进行验证，保证了系统的有效性。 6、针对无线传感器网络辅助定位与导航问题，改进了通信机制、信号预处理和排序算法，提高了定位的稳定性、精度和速度，增强了实用性，扩大了适用范围。 |
| 英文摘要 | With the development of communication engineering, integrated circuits, sensors and microelectronic technologies, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been improved significantly. WSN has been implemented widely in the system monitor due to its low-cost, small size, self-organization as well as large scale. A WSN based monitoring system can collect the sensor data and environmental parameters with the high efficiency, and provide the alarm for the monitor center. This thesis focuses on a series of key problems in the environmental monitor with WSN, such as establishing WSN platform, network topology, power management and time synchronization. The main results include: 1. A monitor system based on WSN is described in detail, where system and network structures, communication protocol, hardware platform and soft design are addressed. Moreover, the smart sensor nodes expand the awareness of the sensor nodes and the video network, which consisted of wireless network cameras, provides the base infrastructure to collect video streams. 2. A novel power management algorithm is proposed, where a periodic sleep mechanism with alarm is designed. It can monitor the environment periodically and catch the exception condition. 3. In contrast to these traditional methods, such as GPS and other wireless location equipment, that synchronize the time in the global network, a local region based time synchronization algorithm is proposed. By using the feedback information from route nodes, sensors in the same region will go into the state of sleep with little communication consumption for time synchronization. 4. Design a data storage structure and database which centered the gateway node, realized through the client program or web log in access to different monitoring area of the gateway node database, query function of historical data and real-time data. 5. The large-scale farm simulation verifies the monitor system and the real experiments on the farm show the effectiveness of the proposed system. 6. Improve the communication mechanism, signal processing and sorting algorithm of position and navigation methods based on WSN and increase the reliability, accuracy and speed. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 其他标识符 | 2012E8014661083 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/7749]  |
| 专题 | 毕业生_硕士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 常慧. 面向设施农业的无线传感器网络监测系统[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2015. |
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