| 题名 | 电力市场环境下可用输电能力（ATC）的研究 |
| 作者 | 张昌华 |
| 学位类别 | 工学博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06-12 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 |
| 导师 | 宋永华 |
| 关键词 | 可用输电能力 电力系统 粒子群进化算法 线性分布因子法 最优潮流 Available transfer capability Power system Particle swarm optimization Linear power distribution factor method Optimal power flow |
| 其他题名 | Available Transfer Capability Evaluation Study Under the Electricity Deregulation Environment |
| 学位专业 | 控制理论与控制工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 可用输电容量（ATC）是电力市场中重要的商业信号和技术指标。如何快速准确地评估区域间的ATC并开发工业应用软件，是一个具有研究价值的问题。本文在前人研究的基础上，在如下四个方面做了一些工作： （1）开发满足工业应用要求的ATC计算软件，并用于西北电网的ATC计算。这里根据直流潮流模型，推导了三种线性分布因子的表达式，建立区域间可用输电容量与节点注入有功功率、支路热稳定极限容量和断面割集潮流动态稳定约束之间的线性关系，据此得出满足约束条件的最大传输容量。用VC++6.0编写程序代码。用该软件对西北电网的ATC进行计算，得出了一些对西北电网建设和运行具有指导意义的结论。 （2）建立了基于最优潮流的ATC数学模型，提出应用改进的粒子群进化算法求解。结合PSO算法的特点，设计了基于惩罚函数的适应值评价方法。同时针对经典PSO易限于局部最优解的缺点，提出了封锁局部最优解并且动态地改变封锁半径的技术。在IEEE118系统上所做的仿真表明该方法能得到优于序列二次规划法（SQP）的结果。 （3）对于考虑“N-1”静态安全约束的支路严重性排序问题，结合PSO算法的基本思想，提出基于改进PSO算法的排序方法。由于ATC问题可以视作对于某一ATC可能值，验证在该功率传输水平下系统是否满足静态“N-1”安全约束的问题。因此，对种群中每个粒子的变量，将其分为区域交换功率值和停运支路编号两部分，以不同方式进化。在进化过程中，所得不可行粒子用于求解ATC值；所得可行粒子用于判别支路严重性。计算终止时输出区域间ATC值、关键支路和对ATC影响较大的严重支路集。在IEEE118节点测试系统上，通过与线性迭代法、重复潮流法对比，表明该方法结果准确，效率较高。 （4）针对现有的ATC数学模型没有妥善计及系统经济性因素的影响，提出考虑经济性约束的ATC数学模型。其目标函数是购电区域内负荷的增长量最大，满足的约束条件为系统安全性约束和经济性约束。提出利用主从递阶决策方法来求解这类数学模型，并利用非线性互补问题函数的近似半光滑牛顿算法来处理底层优化问题所带来的大量约束条件。最后以IEEE30节点系统为例进行仿真并对计算结果予以讨论，表明新模型是对原有ATC数学模型的补充和完善。 |
| 英文摘要 | In this thesis, innovative study is made on the Available Transfer Capability (ATC) evaluation methods. The main contribution of this thesis is focused on the four aspects as follows: First of all, ATC calculation software is developed. Here, power transfer model, is fixed by the user at the beginning of each calculation. Three distribution factors: PTDF, LODF, and GODF, are used to analyze the influence of the incremental power transfer on the current of the line. The limitation of the line thermal capacity, bus injection, node voltage amplitude and transient stability constrained interface power flow control, are considered in this process. This comprehensive software package is applied for the North West Power Grid ATC evaluation and some useful suggestions are made. Secondly, an algorithm based on PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) for ATC optimal power flow (OPF) model is presented. According to the theory of PSO, the new fitness evaluation method, which based the penalty function, is presented. In allusion to the drawback of classical PSO, a new method of locking searching-space is carried out. The bound of the locked space is dynamic changed through comparing the value of the all saved particle. The ATC value is acquired after comparing the value of all saved particles and the current swarm best particle. Numerical simulation results of IEEE118 bus system demonstrate this algorithm can get the better solution than sequential quadratic programming method. Thirdly, for ATC mathematical model in which the “N-1” static security constraints included, an algorithm based on PSO is presented. The basic idea of this new method is to verify whether the system static security is satisfied in the certain ATC value or not. The variables of each particle are separated into two elements: exchanged power value and the outage branch number. These two elements are evolved in different ways. In the procedure, a modifying measure for the infeasible particles is taken to accelerate the speed of finding the ATC value and the feasible particle is used to identify the severe contingency. After the calculation, the severe branch contingency set is attained as well as the ATC value. The numerical simulation results in IEEE118 bus system demonstrate the higher efficiency and validity of this new algorithm. Finally, in allusion to the shortcoming of less estimating the effect of economic factor in the current ATC mathematical model, an optimal mathematical model considering the bidding of generators and the limitation of bus locational marginal price (LMP) is built. The objective function is to maximize the total active power consuming of load demands in sink area. The constraint is the system operation in a security and economy way. A bi-level leader-follower decision-making measure is taken to solve the problem. The numerical simulation result in IEEE30 bus system demonstrates the validity of this method. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 其他标识符 | 200418014628037 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ia.ac.cn/handle/173211/6018]  |
| 专题 | 毕业生_博士学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张昌华. 电力市场环境下可用输电能力（ATC）的研究[D]. 中国科学院自动化研究所. 中国科学院研究生院. 2007. |
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