| 题名 | 新型萃取剂烷基亚氨基二次甲基膦酸的合成及对金萃取性能的研究 |
| 作者 | 于松玲 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1989-06-30 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 于仲权 |
| 中文摘要 | 本工作以国产伯胺N1923和其它价廉易得试剂为原料，首次合成了19-23烷基亚氨基二次甲基膦酸(H_4L)。合成是在酸性介质中，由Mannich反应一步完成：RNH_2+HCHO+H_3PO_3 Δ→ RN(CH_2PO_3H_2)_2+H_2O利用元素分析、H~1核磁共振谱、P~(31)核磁共振谱，红外光谱等手段对产物进行分析、鉴定。表明所合成的产物是-三元酸。产物易溶于极性有机溶济如醇、氯仿中，在非极性溶剂如正庚烷、煤油、200熔剂油中的溶解度则很低，不溶于水。产物对金-硫脲络离子有很好的萃取性能，是一种较好的新型萃取剂。本工作以工业煤油为稀释剂，正辛醇作助溶剂研究了产物对金的萃取及反萃性能，确定了各种因素对金萃取的影响。结果表明，最高萃取率可达99.4%，萃取饱和容量为1.89g/l；对于含金量低的稀溶液，萃取富集效果好，萃取和反萃平衡快；用稀H_2SO_4作反萃剂，反萃率为98.9%-99.2%。利用该产物从金的硫脲浸出液中萃取、分离、富集回收金是可行的，方法简单，成本低，回收率高。有工业应用价值。采用饱和法、等摩尔系列法、斜率法确定了萃合物的组成。根据萃合物的红外光谱分析认为萃取反应机理属于酸性螯合萃取。研究了温度对萃取的影响，并求出萃取反应中的热焓值ΔH为负值，从而证明萃取反应为一放热过程。 |
| 英文摘要 | The alkyliminodimethylenediphosphonic acid was synthesized by Mannich-type reaction with primary amine N1923, phosphorous acid and formaldehyde in acidic solution. RNH_2+HCHO+H_3PO_3 Δ→ RN(CH_2PO_3H_2)_2+H_2O The elementary analysis, H~1 NMR spectra, P~(31) NMR spectra and IR spectra of the product were discussed, and the composition and structure of the product are determined, that is. The product dissolves in alcohol, xylene and chloroform, and hardly dissolves in kerosene, heptane as well as water. The extraction and stripping properties of gold were studied with alkyliminodimethylenediphosphonic acid as new extractant; with kerosene as diluent; and with n-octyl alcohol as additive. The influence of various factors on the extraction of gold was determined. The experimental results show that, E_(Au) may be up to 99.4%, using dilute solution of sulphuric acid as stripping reagent, the stripping percentage in 98.9-99.2%, The new extractant is feasible in extracting gold from acidic thiocarbamide leaching solution, the method is simple, the cost is low, and the results of recovery are satisfactory. The extractive composition was estimated by saturated volume method, isomole series method and slope method. In terms of the results of Infra-red spectrometry, author thinks that the extraction mechanism denotes acidic chelation mechanism. The effect of temperature on the extraction was investigated. The heat effect ΔH obtained in extraction reactions is negative, therefore the extraction reaction is a thermopositive process. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2014-07-03 |
| 页码 | 62 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/8389]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 于松玲. 新型萃取剂烷基亚氨基二次甲基膦酸的合成及对金萃取性能的研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 1989. |
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