泥石流产流与汇流过程研究

CORC > 成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 > 成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）

题名	泥石流产流与汇流过程研究
作者	陈宁生
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2006
授予单位	中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所
授予地点	成都
导师	崔鹏
关键词	泥石流
其他题名	Debris Flow Initiation and Confluence Processes Research
学位专业	自然地理学
中文摘要	论文是在试验的大量的野外观测数据的基础上，采用数理统计和机理分析的方法完成的。论文在阐述形成条件的基础上，对形成机理和过程进行了论述，之后以试验数据和野外调查资料以及蒋家沟泥石流的观测资料分析泥石流在坡面、坡面冲切沟和沟道泥石流的汇流过程规律，最后论述泥石流汇流过程中的参数计算方法。通过泥石流产流与汇流过程研究获得5个创新点，首先揭示了坍滑土体转化为泥石流的机理和过程；其次，通过试验分析，从机理上揭示了泥石流的发育与地震关系密切的缘由；第三，创立了基于粘土颗粒含量的泥石流容重计算的方法；第四，创立了联立弯道和直道断面，合理求取沟床的糙率，计算泥石流流速流量的方法，并应用于实际的泥石流沟道中；第五，基于蒋家沟的泥石流观测资料，采用统计的方法，通过泥石流的运动时间和最大流量，计算泥石流的总流量。
英文摘要	The debris flow initiation and confluence process is one important content of debris flow research. This paper combines the initiation and confluence process into one topic to research. As a result, some achievement is gained about initiation and conflunce process of debris flow by test and some observation data. The test concerns the landslip translating into debris flow, and the observation data comes from debris flow in Jiangjia valley. The result is expressed as follows. For debris flow initiation condition, the factors of soil and water source and slope directly influence initiation process of debris flow. The soil and water source supply the composition of debris flow and slope offers debris flow energy. The landscape， geology， hydrology ，meteorology forest, soil and people’s activity affect the initiation of debris flow by means of soil water source and slope. Concerning the initiation of debris flow, relying the test of landslip translating into debris flow, the initiation process of debris flow can be grouped into four typical steps, which are infiltration process, soil slip process, liquefaction process and startup process respectively. (1) infiltration by local test of sloping field, infiltration process of loose source may be stimulated by model Horton after getting the system parameters. As a result a practical equation for the loss gravelly soil in the test zone is obtianed: t Fp e = 0.48 + 0.94 −0.43 . By research it is found that the infiltration may result in surface runoff, underground runoff. And thus as the soil contracts the soil density and pore pressure increase. (2) Soil slip by means of test, the traditional soil mechanics is found unsuitable in satisfactorily analyzing soil slip process. When soil cohesion and internal friction drop into small or zero, the slip of soil can only occur. The rise of pore pressure which support weight of soil is the key for descending the internal friction stress. The non-clay grain touch and clay erosion on the sliding face are the key for cohesion fall. For natural slope, break point of soil almost lie on the up-middle zone of soil slope.For a slope, soil break is an intermittent process in time sequence. (3) liquefaction The effect of load will lead soil break. Under the push of slip , some soil under will be liquefied . Earthquake may drop soil cohesion and internal friction stress into zero and lead soil liquefied and triggered. Soil liquefaction may led debris flow initiation further. Based on the observation data in Jiangjia Valley，we may get the coefficient as follows: 0.2473 0.7069 1/ 2 max Q = Q +0.4345 0.3477 3 / 4 max Q = Q + (4) liquefied soil triggering Besides, some methods for calculation debris flow movement parameters are researched. 1) Uuit weight calculation, on the base of the relationship between clay contents and unit weight of debris flow, the unit weight can be obtained. we take Midui gully’s glacial-lake bursting debris flow for an example to calculate unit weight. The calculation model of unit weight is as follow: 2) General model for debris flow velocity and discharge calculation By the general model of debris flow velocity and discharge calculation the result accuracy will be improved. The basic idea is to apply super elevation in curve way to re-calculate roughness coefficient, and calculate velocity and confirm discharge in the straight way.
语种	中文
公开日期	2010-10-22
分类号	P64;TV1
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.imde.ac.cn/handle/131551/2319]
专题	成都山地灾害与环境研究所_成都山地所知识仓储（2009年以前）成都山地灾害与环境研究所_山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈宁生. 泥石流产流与汇流过程研究[D]. 成都. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所. 2006.