基于2008年6月风火山小流域五个径流控制断面水样分析结果,综合运用描述性统计、相关性分析、Gibbs图和主成分分析方法,对主要可溶无机离子的质量浓度特征及其成因进行分析。结果表明:阳离子以Na⁺,Ca²⁺为主,阴离子以SO₄^2-为主,且各断面大部分离子质量浓度日变化特征为单峰型;浅层土壤中水分运移携带的离子质量浓度高,对河水总溶解性固体（TDS）含量贡献最大;岩石风化作用和蒸发浓缩作用对风火山小流域水化学变化起主要作用;研究流域蒸发盐岩风化作用最强烈,其次为碳酸盐岩的溶解;初步分析认为河水离子质量浓度较高的原因是受蒸发浓缩作用、土壤冻结融化作用和径流活跃期时间短等共同影响的结果。

Based on the analyzed water samples collected from the five runoff control sections in the Fenghuoshan basin during June 2008,this paper integrated used the descriptive statistics,the correlation matrices,Gibbs figure and the principal composition analysis to study the concentrated characteristics of the major dissolved inorganic ions and their causes.The result shows that the dominating chemical compositions of river water are Na⁺,Ca²⁺,SO₄^2-,and concentration of most major ions in the five runoff sections are mainly presented on a single-peak type.The shallow soil water transport with a high concentration of ions makes the greatest contribution to the total dissolved solids（TDS） in the water.Rock weathering and evaporation play major roles in the changes of water chemistry in the Fenghuoshan basin.The research basin is strongly influenced by dissolved evaporates,followed by dissolved carbonates.The preliminary analysis of the causes of high water concentration ions is subject to the combined effect of evaporation,soil freeze-thaw and short duration of active period in runoff.