离子交换膜污染问题尤其是阴离子交换膜的有机污染问题是制约电渗析脱盐技术推广应用的瓶颈问题，表面改性是解决这一问题的有效方法。但现有改性方法各有优劣，依然需要结合不同改性方法的优点来对阴膜进行复合改性。本文采用多巴胺（DA）和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠（PSS）对阴离子交换膜进行复合改性，通过比较不同沉积组分改性阴膜的表面性质和抗污染性能发现共沉积改性膜的抗污染性能要优于自聚合改性膜，后续进一步优化共沉积改性阴膜的工艺条件；通过电沉积-自聚合分步复合改性阴膜来改善电沉积修饰层的抗污染性能和稳定性，比较不同改性方法对其抗污染性能的影响。主要研究结果如下：（1）考察不同改性组分沉积到膜表面获得不同改性阴膜的表面性质、脱盐和抗污染性能。发现相比于聚多巴胺（PDA）自聚合改性膜而言，共沉积改性膜（PDA@PSS-M）表面的亲水性略差，而负电荷密度有所改善且表面更为光滑。共沉积改性过程中PDA的交联结构有助于PSS形成有效的修饰层，PSS与PDA之间的静电相互作用有助于形成更均匀、更光滑的修饰层，导致PDA@PSS-M对模型污染物十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）具有更好的抗污染性能。共沉积修饰层对膜本身脱盐性能的影响可以忽略不计且具有较好的稳定性。（2）探讨共沉积修饰时间和修饰组分比例对改性阴膜表面性质的影响，发现DA和PSS共沉积法相比于PDA自聚合法的最优修饰时间更短即其具有使改性过程更加快捷的潜力，DA：PSS的质量比为1:2时更有利于阴膜抗污染性能的改善且修饰层对阴膜电化学性能的影响可以忽略不计。此外，共沉积过程中PSS与DA之间未发生反应，且PSS可以减缓多巴胺的自聚合反应，这有利于改善改性层的均匀性。（3）在阴膜表面构建电沉积PSS修饰层后再构建PDA自聚合修饰层来制备分步复合改性膜（PSS&PDA-M），研究发现自聚合修饰层的加入虽然会导致改性膜表面亲水性和负电荷密度的改善程度有所降低，但其表面会变得更为光滑且修饰层的稳定性会有所提高。在电渗析脱盐和抗污染测试中，复合修饰层对离子的跨膜迁移影响甚微且PSS&PDA-M的抗污染性能最优，表明提高修饰层的稳定性对提高阴离子交换膜的抗污染性能作用显著。相比于共沉积复合改性膜而言，PSS&PDA-M表面亲水性和负电荷密度的改善程度较低且抗污染性能较差。;nce of AEM was negligible. In addition, there was no reaction between PSS and DA during the codeposition process, and PSS could slow down the self-polymerization of dopamine, which was beneficial to improve the uniformity of the modified layer. (3) A new modified AEM (PSS&PDA-M) was prepared by adding a PDA self-polymerization modification layer outside the electrodeposited PSS modification layer. The study found that the addition of the self-polymerization modification layer would reduce the improvement of the hydrophilicity and negative charge density of the modified AEM surface, but its surface would become smoother and the stability of the modification layer was improved. In the electrodialysis desalination and antifouling tests, the composite modified layer had little effect on the transmembrane migration of ions and the antifouling performance of PSS&PDA-M was the best, indicating that the improvement of the stability of the modification layer had a significant effect on the antifouling performance of AEM. Compared with the codeposition modified AEM, the improvement of the surface hydrophilicity and negative charge density of PSS&PDA-M was low, and its antifouling performance was poor.