| 题名 | 大学生怀旧对生活满意度的影响：自尊和积极情绪的链式中介作用 |
| 作者 | 徐道升 |
| 答辩日期 | 2019-07 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈毅文 |
| 关键词 | 怀旧 生活满意度 积极情绪 自尊 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 其他题名 | The influence of nostalgia on life satisfaction of college students: dual mediation between self-esteem and positive emotions |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 中文摘要 | Nostalgia is a complex emotional state missed by the past. It is an emotional experience. And some studies see nostalgia as a positive experience, a resource that enables people to acquire and maintain meaningful feelings about their lives. According to the theory of expanding and constructing positive emotions, the positive emotions triggered by nostalgia can be used as a personal resource and have an important impact on the physical and mental health and well-being of individuals. This study investigated the effects of nostalgia on life satisfaction and the multiple mediating effects of self-esteem and positive emotions in 477 College students. The results showed that: (1) For example, nostalgia, self-esteem, positive emotions and life satisfaction, the average score was higher than the theoretical median, indicating a higher score on the four variables.（2）The nostalgia scores of female college students (M = 4.67) were higher than that of male college students (M = 4.54), and the ranking of nostalgia scores of sophomores (M = 4.64) was the highest, followed by freshmen (M = 4.63) students，the nostalgia score (M=4.62) of third students are the lowest. （3）Nostalgia was positively correlated with positive emotions (r = 0.12, P < 0.01) and life satisfaction (r = 0.13, P < 0.01); positive emotions were positively correlated with self-esteem (r = 0.36, P < 0.001), life satisfaction (r = 0.44, P < 0.001); self-esteem was positively correlated with life satisfaction (r = 0.32, P < 0.001). (4) Structural equation model analysis showed that nostalgia had a significant direct effect on life satisfaction (beta = 0.15, P < 0.05), and the direct effect accounted for 60% of the total effect. The indirect effect of nostalgia on life satisfaction was also significant (beta = 0.08, P < 0.05), and the proportion of indirect effect to total effect was 40%. In the indirect effect, nostalgia is mainly mediated by positive emotions and positive emotions and self-esteem chain mediation. In the contemporary era, college students' mental health has always been the focus of attention in Colleges and universities. With the rise of positive psychology movement, in the maintenance and promotion of College Students' mental health, the role of exploring positive psychology will undoubtedly play a significant role. This study takes the positive aspect of nostalgia as a breakthrough point to explore its positive impact on College Students' life satisfaction and its mechanism of action. The results not only provide theoretical guidance for college students to maintain mental health correctly in daily life, but also as the relevant functional departments of colleges and universities to stimulate college students' feelings. The old positive level can further enhance mental health education. |
| 英文摘要 | 怀旧是“一种思念过去时复杂的情绪状态，是一种情绪体验。”在有的研究中，研究者将怀旧看做是一种积极的体验，并且认为它是一种资源，使人们能够获得和保持他们的生活是有意义的感觉。积极情绪的拓展建构理论就指出，积极情绪是一种个人资源，从这一角度出发，怀旧也可以称为个人资源，它会对个体的身心健康以及幸福感等产生重要的影响。本研究通过问卷法，调查了477名大学生，旨在考查大学生的怀旧对生活满意度的影响，并且检验自尊和积极情绪两个变量在怀旧与生活满意度之间的链式中介效应。通过统计分析，得出如下的结果：（1）研究的几个主要变量，怀旧、自尊、积极情绪和生活满意度的平均得分均高于理论中值，表明在四个变量上的得分均较高。（2）怀旧在性别这一人口学变量上的差异显著（t=2.06,p<0.05），表现为女大学生的怀旧得分（M=4.67）高于男大学生（M=4.54）；怀旧在年级变量上的排列顺序为，大二学生的怀旧分数（M=4.64）最高，大一学生的怀旧分数次之（M=4.63），大三学生的怀旧分数（M=4.62）最低；(3)怀旧与积极情绪（r=0.12，P＜0.01）和生活满意度（r=0.13，P＜0.01）这两个变量都呈现出显著的正相关；积极情绪与自尊（r=0.36，P＜0.001）和生活满意度这两个变量都（r=0.44，P＜0.001）呈现出显著的正相关；自尊与生活满意度这一个变量（r=0.32，P＜0.001）呈现出显著的正相关；（4）通过采用结构方程模型分析，计算出的结果表明：怀旧对生活满意度这一变量的直接效应显著（β=0.15，P＜0.05），通过计算发现，怀旧对生活满意度的直接效应占总效应的比例为60%。怀旧对生活满意度也存在间接效应，并且这个效应也显著（β=0.08，P＜0.05），通过计算的结果表明，间接效应占总效应的比例为40%。在间接效应这一环节中，怀旧主要是通过积极情绪这一变量的中介作用，以及积极情绪和自尊这两个变量的链式中介作用来实现。当前，大学生的心理健康问题一直是社会关注的焦点问题，随着积极心理学这一思潮的兴起，针对大学生心理健康的维护与促进这一重要问题，探究积极心理的作用无疑会发挥显著的作用。本研究从怀旧的积极方面作为出发点，重点去探讨怀旧这一变量对大学生生活满意度的影响，并且去探讨其中的作用机制，这一研究结果，不仅为大学生在日常生活中保持心理健康提供理论指导，更为重要的是作为高校的相关职能部门去激发大学生怀旧的积极层面，从而可以加有效的去做好大学生的心理健康教育工作。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41703]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 徐道升. 大学生怀旧对生活满意度的影响：自尊和积极情绪的链式中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2019. |
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