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题名	母亲就业状况对儿童社会性发展的影响： 母亲焦虑思维方式和家庭环境因素的作用
作者	蓝翠娟
答辩日期	2021-01
文献子类	硕士
授予单位	中国科学院心理研究所
授予地点	中国科学院心理研究所
其他责任者	李晶
关键词	母亲就业状况 儿童社会性发展 家庭养育环境质量 成长型思维方式 固化型思维方式
学位名称	理学硕士（同等学力硕士）
其他题名	How Maternal Employment Influences Children’s Social Development: Effect of Maternal Anxiety Mindsets and Home Environment Factors
学位专业	发展与教育心理学
中文摘要	The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal employment on 3 to 6-year-old Chinese children’s social development and the roles of maternal mindsets and home raising environments during the process. With the use of questionnaires, a survey among children of 3-6 years old (n=429) in two kindergartens in Shenzhen and Guangzhou was conducted. Mothers were required to fill in the form of basic family information, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, Anxiety Mind-Set Scale and 0-6 Years Child Home Nurture Environment Questionnaire. Results indicated that: (1) Mother’s anxiety growth mindset protected children from more emotional and behavioral problems. Mother’s anxiety mindset moderated the relations between working/non-working mothers and children’s emotional and behavioral problems, whereas the protection effect of mother’s growth mindset on children’s problems weakened for working mothers. The active effects of non-working mother’s growth mindset on children’s emotional and behavioral problems and the passive effects of non-working mother’s fixed mindset were both greater than those of working mother’s, which means the quality of mother’s accompany with children is more important than the quantity of time mother spent with children. (2)Children benefited more from mothers who work part-time. Home raising environment fully mediated the relations between mothers working part-time/full-time and children’s social development. Government should encourage mothers to work part-time and supply more supports. (3)Grandparents and home-nurses as main caregivers in children’s early lives could have an adverse effect on children’s social development, but this effect could be offset by the time father spent with children, mother’s mindsets and the quantity of home raising environment. Similarly, the influence of father’s accompany with children could be offset by mother’s mindsets and the quantity of home raising environment. (4)Mother’s anxiety mindset, the time father spent with children and children’s early caregivers significantly predicted the quantity of home raising environment.
英文摘要	本研究选取广深地区两所幼儿园共429名3-6岁儿童为被试，采用焦虑思维方式量表、家庭养育环境问卷及儿童长处与困难问卷，探讨我国母亲就业状况对3-6岁儿童社会性发展的影响，并考察了母亲焦虑思维方式和家庭养育环境质量在母亲就业状况与儿童社会性发展之间的作用以及父亲的陪伴和儿童早期主要照料者对儿童社会性发展的影响。结果表明：（1）母亲焦虑思维方式在母亲工作或不工作对儿童情绪和行为问题的影响中起调节作用。成长型思维方式对儿童的情绪和行为问题起到保护作用，但这一保护作用对于工作母亲而言有所削弱；对于不工作母亲而言，母亲不同思维方式对儿童情绪和行为问题的影响比工作母亲更大。成长型思维方式的积极影响和固化型思维方式的消极影响对不工作母亲而言都比工作母亲更大。说明母亲陪伴的时间长不一定意味着陪伴的质量高。（2）母亲兼职工作对儿童社会性发展最为有利，家庭养育环境质量在母亲全职或兼职工作与儿童的社会性发展之间起中介作用。政府和社会应为母亲兼职工作提供政策条件，并为母亲提供家庭养育知识的培训。（3）祖辈和保姆等儿童早期主要照料者对儿童的社会性发展有不利的影响，但这一影响会为父亲的陪伴、母亲思维方式和家庭养育环境质量所弥补。父亲陪伴对儿童的影响也会为母亲思维方式和家庭养育环境质量所抵消。（4）母亲焦虑思维方式、父亲的陪伴和儿童早期主要照料者对家庭养育环境有预测作用。
语种	中文
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41674]
专题	心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	蓝翠娟. 母亲就业状况对儿童社会性发展的影响： 母亲焦虑思维方式和家庭环境因素的作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021.

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