Relationship Between C-4 Biomass and C-4 Agriculture During the Holocene and its Implications for Millet Domestication in Northeast China

doi:10.1029/2020GL089566

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	Relationship Between C-4 Biomass and C-4 Agriculture During the Holocene and its Implications for Millet Domestication in Northeast China
	Wang, Jian 3,4,5; Zhou, Xinying 3,4,5; Xu, Hai 2; Liu, Junchi 3,4,5; Yang, Qingjiang 3,4,5; Zhao, Chao 4,5; Gao, Qiang 5; Zhao, Keliang 3,4,5; Behling, Hermann 1; Li, Xiaoqiang 3,4,5
刊名	GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
	2021-01-16
卷号	48 期号:1 页码:11
ISSN号	0094-8276
DOI	10.1029/2020GL089566
英文摘要	The origin of C-4 agriculture in China, foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and common millet (Panicum miliaceum), remains unclear. Here we conducted a comprehensive geochemical study of the archeological site of Chahai in Northeastern (NE) China and deduced that higher C-4 biomass in the cultural layers was mainly caused by agricultural practices and other human activities. To evaluate the anthropogenic factors involved in millet domestication, we produced a time series of contour maps of C-4 biomass for North China since 14 ka and integrated archaeological data. Results show that the origin and development of millet agriculture was nearly synchronous with the increase in C-4 biomass in the early-mid Holocene, but the synchrony was decoupled at similar to 4 ka when millet cultivation was established in NE China. Our findings suggest that both human management (possibly cultivation) of C-4 plants, and an environmental background of high C-4 biomass drove the origin of millet agriculture. Plain Language Summary The evidence of the earliest domesticated millet comes from North China, however, it is unclear which factors were responsible. We conducted a multiproxy study on the archeological site of Chahai in NE China. The results show that higher estimated C-4 biomass in the cultural layers was related to human factors, mainly agricultural practices, in the step-by-step process of millet domestication. To further evaluate these factors, we used published data to determine the relationship between the regional C-4 biomass of the natural background and the history of millet agriculture. Research reveals a near-synchronous relationship between the origin and developmental stage of millet in the early-mid Holocene, but that these two processes became decoupled during the establishment of millet agriculture in the late Holocene. We conclude that human activities involving C4 crops together with the favorable ecological background led to the origin of millet agriculture.
资助项目	Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDB26000000] ; China Scholarship Council ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41730319] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41888101] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41772371]
WOS关键词	SUBSISTENCE STRATEGIES ; PANICUM-MILIACEUM ; ORGANIC-CARBON ; CLIMATE-CHANGE ; BRONZE-AGE ; NE CHINA ; ORIGINS ; VEGETATION ; RECONSTRUCTION ; RECORD
WOS研究方向	Geology
语种	英语
出版者	AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
WOS记录号	WOS:000612943500004
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/18679]
专题	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所_图书馆1
通讯作者	Zhou, Xinying; Li, Xiaoqiang
作者单位	1.Univ Goettingen, Dept Palynol & Climate Dynam, Untere Karspule 2, Gottingen, Germany 2.Tianjin Univ, Inst Surface Earth Syst Sci, Tianjin, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China 4.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, State Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origin, Beijing, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang, Jian,Zhou, Xinying,Xu, Hai,et al. Relationship Between C-4 Biomass and C-4 Agriculture During the Holocene and its Implications for Millet Domestication in Northeast China[J]. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,2021,48(1):11.
APA	Wang, Jian.,Zhou, Xinying.,Xu, Hai.,Liu, Junchi.,Yang, Qingjiang.,...&Li, Xiaoqiang.(2021).Relationship Between C-4 Biomass and C-4 Agriculture During the Holocene and its Implications for Millet Domestication in Northeast China.GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS,48(1),11.
MLA	Wang, Jian,et al."Relationship Between C-4 Biomass and C-4 Agriculture During the Holocene and its Implications for Millet Domestication in Northeast China".GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 48.1(2021):11.