Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Coastal Areas of Pakistan for Sustainable Water Quality Management using Joint Geophysical and Geochemical Approach: A Case Study

doi:10.3390/su12229730

	Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Coastal Areas of Pakistan for Sustainable Water Quality Management using Joint Geophysical and Geochemical Approach: A Case Study
	Hasan, Muhammad 2,3,4; Shang, Yanjun 2,3,4; Metwaly, Mohamed 5,6; Jin, Weijun 2,3,4; Khan, Majid 1; Gao, Qiang 7
刊名	SUSTAINABILITY
	2020-11-01
卷号	12 期号:22 页码:22
关键词	water quality sustainability coastal aquifers freshwater saline water
DOI	10.3390/su12229730
英文摘要	Delineation of fresh/saline groundwater is essential for sustainable water quality management, especially in the coastal areas all around the globe. Seawater intrusion causes substantial degradation in quality of freshwater resources in the coastal areas. The main reason for saltwater intrusion is the changing environment in terms of sea-level rise, climate change, and over-extraction of freshwater resources to meet the growing demands. In this study, an integrated approach of geophysical and geochemical methods was used to assess saltwater intrusion in the coastal areas of Bela Plain, Pakistan. The inverted electrical resistivity computed from 50 vertical electrical sounding (VES) constrained the subsurface into five layers and two aquifers through 3D imaging, such as silty clay and sandy clay containing saline water, and sand, sandy gravel, and gravel containing freshwater. However, the narrow range of resistivity values shows an overlap of saline/fresh groundwater. Such ambiguity in the resistivity interpretation was removed by Dar-Zarrouk (D-Z) parameters. D-Z parameters, namely transverse unit resistance (T-r), longitudinal unit conductance (S-c), and longitudinal resistivity (rho L) estimated from VES, marked a clear distinction between saline and fresh aquifers with a wide range of values. The geochemical method was performed using 20 water samples for the main cations (K+, Ca2+ Na+, and Mg2+), anions (SO42-, HCO3-, Cl-, and NO3-), and other parameters (TDS, EC, and pH). Fresh/saline aquifers revealed by D-Z parameters are in good agreement with those delineated by physicochemical parameters and local hydrogeological conditions. This study delineates seawater intrusion of about 13-42 km from Sonmiani Bay in the Arabian Sea towards the inlands of Bela Plain. Therefore, it is expected that this investigation will be helpful in future planning for the management and exploitation of freshwater resources in the study area. Our study suggests that D-Z parameters can be used as the most inexpensive alternative to the traditional geotechnical and environmental tests for the demarcation of fresh/saline groundwater with a large coverage in any coastal or contaminated area under a homogeneous or heterogeneous setting.
资助项目	Chinese Academy of Sciences[2020PD01] ; National Basic Research Program of China[2014CB046901] ; Chinese National Scientific Foundation Committee (NSFC)[41772320] ; National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Project[2018FY100503] ; Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STEP)[2019QZKK0904] ; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia[RSP-2020/89]
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种	英语
出版者	MDPI
WOS记录号	WOS:000594586300001
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.198/handle/2S6PX9GI/25358]
专题	中科院武汉岩土力学所
通讯作者	Hasan, Muhammad; Shang, Yanjun
作者单位	1.Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Sch Civil & Resource Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Shale Gas & Geoengn, Inst Geol & Geophys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Innovat Acad Earth Sci, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China 5.King Saud Univ, Coll Tourism & Archeol, Dept Archaeol, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia 6.Natl Res Inst Astron & Geophys NRIAG, Cairo 11421, Egypt 7.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Rock & Soil Mech, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hasan, Muhammad,Shang, Yanjun,Metwaly, Mohamed,et al. Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Coastal Areas of Pakistan for Sustainable Water Quality Management using Joint Geophysical and Geochemical Approach: A Case Study[J]. SUSTAINABILITY,2020,12(22):22.
APA	Hasan, Muhammad,Shang, Yanjun,Metwaly, Mohamed,Jin, Weijun,Khan, Majid,&Gao, Qiang.(2020).Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Coastal Areas of Pakistan for Sustainable Water Quality Management using Joint Geophysical and Geochemical Approach: A Case Study.SUSTAINABILITY,12(22),22.
MLA	Hasan, Muhammad,et al."Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Coastal Areas of Pakistan for Sustainable Water Quality Management using Joint Geophysical and Geochemical Approach: A Case Study".SUSTAINABILITY 12.22(2020):22.