Material-energy-water-carbon nexus in China's electricity generation system up to 2050

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.116355

	Material-energy-water-carbon nexus in China's electricity generation system up to 2050
	Elshkaki, Ayman 1,2
刊名	ENERGY
	2019-12-15
卷号	189 页码:12
关键词	Material-energy-water nexus Electricity generation technologies CO2 emissions Scenario analysis China
ISSN号	0360-5442
DOI	10.1016/j.energy.2019.116355
通讯作者	Elshkaki, Ayman(ayman@igsnrr.ac.cn)
英文摘要	Energy, water, and materials are interconnected in several ways. Increasing demand for resources combined with environmental, availability, accessibility, and security risks associated with their supply are raising concerns for their future sustainable management. Resources nexus and CO2 emissions in China have been analysed using a dynamic material flow-stock model for 10 electricity generation technologies (EGT) and 21 materials. The analysis includes 10 scenarios, combining energy scenarios; National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) and International Energy Agency (IEA-450), and scenarios for EGT materials content and energy, water, and CO2 intensities. Cumulative energy, water, and CO2 emissions associated with EGT materials production in NDRC scenario are double those in IEA-450 scenario. Annual energy required for materials is expected to be between 2.3% and 3.4% of annual EG. Highest water, energy, and CO2 are related to PV and wind in NDRC scenario and hydropower and PV in IEA-450 scenario. Required Fe and concrete for EGT is much higher than Al, however energy, water, and CO2 emissions associated with Al are either higher or slightly lower than Fe and concrete. Careful selection of EGT and their materials is significant to reduce EG impacts, and considering resources nexus is significant for future integrated resources policies. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
资助项目	Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDA19040102] ; National Key Research and Development Program of China[2016YFA0602802] ; International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[131A11KYSB20170117]
WOS关键词	GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS ; PRIMARY METAL PRODUCTION ; STEEL-INDUSTRY ; CO2 EMISSIONS ; INPUT-OUTPUT ; MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS ; ALUMINUM-INDUSTRY ; SCENARIO ANALYSIS ; IRON ; IMPACTS
WOS研究方向	Thermodynamics ; Energy & Fuels
语种	英语
出版者	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
WOS记录号	WOS:000504505700087
资助机构	Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Key Research and Development Program of China ; International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/131107]
专题	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者	Elshkaki, Ayman
作者单位	1.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, IGSNRR, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Elshkaki, Ayman. Material-energy-water-carbon nexus in China's electricity generation system up to 2050[J]. ENERGY,2019,189:12.
APA	Elshkaki, Ayman.(2019).Material-energy-water-carbon nexus in China's electricity generation system up to 2050.ENERGY,189,12.
MLA	Elshkaki, Ayman."Material-energy-water-carbon nexus in China's electricity generation system up to 2050".ENERGY 189(2019):12.