A New Enantiornithine (Aves) Preserved in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber Contributes to Growing Diversity of Cretaceous Plumage Patterns

doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00264

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	A New Enantiornithine (Aves) Preserved in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber Contributes to Growing Diversity of Cretaceous Plumage Patterns
	Xing, Lida 2,3,4; O'Connor, Jingmai K.5,6; Niu, Kecheng 4; Cockx, Pierre 7,8; Mai, Huijuan 1,9; McKellar, Ryan C.7,8,10
刊名	FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
	2020-07-16
卷号	8 期号:0 页码:11
关键词	enantiornithes remiges flight feathers plumage patterns limb proportions intermembral index albian - cenomanian mesozoic
DOI	10.3389/feart.2020.00264
英文摘要	Recent discoveries of enantiornithine birds trapped in amber have decreased the lower size limit of members of this clade, increased their morphological diversity, and provided significant new data regarding their plumage. Here, we describe a new specimen that consists of the distal extremities of both forelimbs and hindlimbs. Size and morphology suggest the specimen represents an immature individual. Although the skeletal morphology is poorly preserved, the new specimen most probably represents a member of the Enantiornithes based on the sum of its preserved morphologies, including its small size, elongate penultimate pedal phalanges, and large recurved unguals. Based on the lengths of the metatarsals, the new specimen is even smaller than previously described enantiornithines that preserve these elements; however, the forelimb elements are longer than those in the only other specimen preserving comparable overlapping skeletal material. This is suggestive of a diversity of limb proportions in the Burmese enantiornithine fauna, similar to that observed in the Jehol avifauna, in which intermembral indices range from approximately 1 to 1.5. The wing appears to consist of eight primaries, less than that of neornithines, contributing to mounting data that suggests the flight apparatus of enantiornithines was unique from that of other basal birds and neornithines. The well-preserved flight feathers are ornamented with pale basal bands, further adding to the diversity of Cretaceous plumage patterns revealed by Burmese amber specimens.
资助项目	National Natural Science Foundation of China[41790455] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41772008] ; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada[2015-00681] ; National Geographic Society, United States[EC0768-15] ; The Foreign Cultural and Educational Experts Employment Program from Foreign Experts Service Division, Ministry of Science and Technology of China[G20190001245]
WOS关键词	THEROPOD DINOSAUR ; BIRDS ; ORNITHOTHORACES ; EVOLUTION ; HABITATS
WOS研究方向	Geology
语种	英语
出版者	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
WOS记录号	WOS:000556790400001
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://119.78.100.205/handle/311034/16642]
专题	古脊椎动物与古人类研究所_图书馆1
通讯作者	O'Connor, Jingmai K.
作者单位	1.Yunnan Univ, MEC Int Lab Palaeobiol & Palaeoenvironm, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China 2.China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing, Peoples R China 3.China Univ Geosci, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing, Peoples R China 4.Yingliang Stone Nat Hist Museum, Nanan, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol, Key Lab Vertebrate Evolut & Human Origins, Beijing, Peoples R China 6.CAS Ctr Excellence Life & Paleoenvironm, Beijing, Peoples R China 7.Royal Saskatchewan Museum, Regina, SK, Canada 8.Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Regina, SK, Canada 9.Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Palaeobiol, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China 10.Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Xing, Lida,O'Connor, Jingmai K.,Niu, Kecheng,et al. A New Enantiornithine (Aves) Preserved in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber Contributes to Growing Diversity of Cretaceous Plumage Patterns[J]. FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE,2020,8(0):11.
APA	Xing, Lida,O'Connor, Jingmai K.,Niu, Kecheng,Cockx, Pierre,Mai, Huijuan,&McKellar, Ryan C..(2020).A New Enantiornithine (Aves) Preserved in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber Contributes to Growing Diversity of Cretaceous Plumage Patterns.FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE,8(0),11.
MLA	Xing, Lida,et al."A New Enantiornithine (Aves) Preserved in Mid-Cretaceous Burmese Amber Contributes to Growing Diversity of Cretaceous Plumage Patterns".FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE 8.0(2020):11.