QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	河水漫溢对植物群落物种多样性的影响
作者	牛俊勇
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2009
授予单位	中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所
授予地点	北京
导师	徐海量，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词	塔里木河下游
其他题名	The Influence of the River Flooding Disturbance on Plant Community Species Diversity in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River
学位专业	环境科学
中文摘要	在塔里木河下游，采用相邻样方格子法，调查荒漠河岸林群落的种-面积关系，利用种-面积饱和曲线方程拟合的方法对荒漠河岸林群落植物最小取样面积进行了初步研究。以野外调查及土壤取样为基础，结合生态输水前的植被状况，通过室内分析对漫溢后群落组成、群落结构、物种多样性以及土壤理化性质与群落的关系等开展了进一步研究，并综合运用植物生态学、恢复生态学和土壤学等多学科理论，探讨了漫溢干扰对塔里木河下游植被生态恢复的作用，旨在为塔里木河流域的生态治理和植被恢复提供理论依据。主要结果如下：（1） 随着植被退化程度的加重，最小取样面积逐渐增大，在植被退化程度分别为中度、重度、极重度下, 满足求得包括群落90%的所有植物种的最小面积的高精度研究要求取样最小面积分别为2500、3600和4500 m2，地下水埋深与最小取样面积的关系不明显，这表明地下水埋深达到一定深度后对植物群落的影响在逐渐减弱。（2）生态输水后，漫溢区出现的物种数明显多于输水前，物种共增加10余种。漫溢后的物种多样性指数高于漫溢前，漫溢区的物种多样性指数也明显高于非漫溢区，Margalef指数、Menhinnick指数增加幅度尤为明显，表明河水漫溢作用对塔里木河下游这样一个地处干旱区内陆河流域受损生态系统恢复的效果是比较明显的。 （3）用重要值的方法分析了漫溢干扰后的群落组成变化及群落结构变化，分析表明漫溢后一年生草本植物大量萌发，而多年生草本和乔、灌木植物在多次漫溢后逐渐占据群落中的优势地位。这说明一年生草本植物受水分条件的影响较为明显，群落波动较大，多次漫溢有助于多年生草本和乔、灌木植物的萌发。Three typical sections with different vegetation degradation degrees in the lower reaches of Tarim River were selected to investigate the species-area relationship of desert riparian forest community by the grid method of contiguous quadrates and to determine the minimum sampling area of the community by fitting with species-area saturation curve equation. According to field investigation and soil sampling combined with the vegetation condition before ecological water transport with the method of laboratory analysis to further research the community composition, community structure, species diversity and the relation between soil physical and chemical properties and plant community after overflowing in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Comprehensive analysis the effect of vegetation ecological restoration in the lower reaches of Tarim River after overflowing interference with plant ecology, restoration ecology, and soil science to provide the theoretical basis for the ecological management and vegetation restoration in Tarim River watershed. The main conclusions are as followed: （1）The minimum sampling area increased with aggravating vegetation degradation. At the precision level of 90%, the minimum sampling areas could be set as 2500, 3600 and 4500 m2 with different vegetation degradation degrees. Groundwater level had less effect on the minimum sampling area; it shows that the influence of the plant community by the groundwater at certain depth is wakening. （2）After ecological water transport, the species number of flooding area are more than before ecological water transport, 10 species was increased. Species diversity index were all higher in flooding area than in non-flooding area, after overflowing than before overflowing of flooding area, it is obviously about the Margalef index and Menhinnick index. The discussed results indicate that the river flooding disturbance has an obviously favorable influence on restoring the degraded ecosystem in the lower reaches of Tarim River. （3）The change of community composition and community structure after flooding disturbance by the method of importance value, the analysis showed that the germination of annuals increased after overflowing, herbaceous perennial, some arbors and shrubs such as Popolus euphratica and Tamarix ramosissima are prone to germinate and become an ecologic dominance in plant community after several times of river flooding. It shows annuals community had major fluctuation by the restricted of water condition, multiple rivers flooding are contributes to the germination of herbaceous perennial, arbors and shrubs.
学科主题	水文地理学及水资源 ; 农学
公开日期	2010-11-12
页码	共61页
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8492]
专题	新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	牛俊勇. 河水漫溢对植物群落物种多样性的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2009.

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。