QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	鹤庆五味子化学成分研究及在卷烟中的应用
作者	杨光宇
学位类别	博士
答辩日期	2008-12-15
授予单位	中国科学院昆明植物研究所
授予地点	昆明植物研究所
导师	孙汉董
关键词	鹤庆五味子 化学成分 木脂素 三萜 黄酮 定量分析 卷烟添加剂
其他题名	STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CONSTIUENTS OF SCHISANDRA WILSONIANA A.C. SMITH AND ITS APPLICATION IN CIGARETTE
学位专业	植物学
中文摘要	本论文由四章组成，第一章论述了鹤庆五味子 (Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith)的化学成分研究；第二章对鹤庆五味子中的四类化学成分进行了定量分析研究；第三章对鹤庆五味子在卷烟中的应用进行了研究。第四章对天然产物在卷烟中的应用进行了综述。 (1) 鹤庆五味子化学成分研究 鹤庆五味子 (Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith)，是五味子属植物中云南特有种，仅产于云南大理(邓川、鹤庆县)和丽江玉龙县，属省三级保护植物。鹤庆五味子化学成分的系统研究还未见报道过。我们对鹤庆五味子化学成分进行了系统研究，利用各种色谱技术、波谱分析，从鹤庆五味子藤茎70%丙酮提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到了129个化合物，其中新化合物45个(包括34个新木脂素，8个高氧化度的降三萜，3个新二氢查耳酮)，已知化合物84个。 (2) 鹤庆五味子中主要化学成分的定量分析研究 对鹤庆五味子中的木脂素、常规三萜、高氧化度降三萜和黄酮四类化学成分进行了定量分析研究。建立新分析方法四项，包括：“基质固相分散处理，高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测法测定鹤庆五味子中的14种木脂素”、“基质固相分散处理，凝胶净化系统预分离，高效液相色谱蒸发光散射检测法测定鹤庆五味子中7种活性三萜”、“基质固相分散处理，凝胶净化系统预分离，高效液相色谱蒸发光散射检测法测定鹤庆五味子中8种高氧化度降三萜”、“基质固相分散处理，高效液相色谱紫外检测器检测法测定鹤庆五味子中的9种黄酮”。在这些成分分析的过程中，采用了基质固相分散处理、自动凝胶净化系统预分离、高通量快速分离柱、蒸发光散射检测等技术。基质固相分散前处理浓缩了传统样品的均匀化、组织细胞裂解、提取、过滤、净化等过程，操作步骤简单，不需要特殊的仪器设备，有机溶剂消耗少，成本低。自动凝胶净化系统可实现干扰组分的高效分离，大大提高了方法的选择性。高通量快速分离柱的使用可在3-7 min内完全分离五味子中的四类主要化学成分，和常规分离柱相比分析时间可节约70％以上。蒸发光散射检测可弥补常规紫外检测不能检测无紫外吸收或只有紫外末端吸收物质的缺陷，可实现无紫外吸收的化合物的高灵敏检测。这些技术的使用使分析的灵敏度、选择性、准确度和精密度大大提高，可满足复杂天然植物中痕量成分分析的要求。 用所建立的方法测定了鹤庆五味子根、茎、叶、果实中四类化学成分含量，结果表明根和茎成分差别不大，但果实和叶中的成分与根、茎差别很大，根和茎中三萜含量高，而果实木脂素含量高，叶中则黄酮的含量最高。通过定量分析研究，确定了鹤庆五味子中四类主要化学成分含量，为鹤庆五味子的药用价值评价和开发利用提供了科学依据。 (3) 鹤庆五味子提取物在卷烟中的应用 中草药是我国劳动人民用来防病治病的宝库，有几千年的文化传统和实践经验，目前中草药在烟草行业也得到了广泛应用。我们对鹤庆五味子化学成分研究发现，五味子中富含木脂素、三萜酸及其内酯、黄酮等多种活性成分，而且GC-MS测定结果表明五味子中香气物质丰富，有许多成分是烟草中常用的香气成分；因此本论文研究了五味子添加剂在卷烟中的应用，对五味子添加剂的提取工艺进行了优化，并对五味子添加剂对卷烟的感官评吸结果和对卷烟烟气有害成分的影响进行了初步试验，发现五味子添加剂具有改善卷烟抽吸品质，清除自由基和降低烟气有害成分的作用，是理想的烟用添加剂。 (4) 天然产物在卷烟中的应用进展 从“天然香料在卷烟加香中的应用”、“中草药添加剂在卷烟降焦减害中的应用”、“天然产物在卷烟中的其它用途” 三个方面对天然产物在卷烟中的研究应用进展进行了综述，共引用参考文献151篇。
英文摘要	This dissertation is composed of four chapters. In chapter 1, the investigation of the chemical constituents in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith was reported. In chapter 2, the quantitative analysis of lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith was reported. In chapter 3, the application of the Schisandra extract as cigarette additive was reported. In the chapter 4, the progress of the application of natural products in cigarette was reviewed. (1) The investigation of the chemical constituents in Schisandra Wilsoniana A. C The Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith is an evergreen liana, growing in the forests at elevations of 3080–3550 m in Yunnan Province, P.R. China. Its fruits were used as folk medicine for nutrition, relieving diarrhoea and so on. Its stems were used for reducing rheumatism, activating blood circulation and the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The investigation of the chemical constituents in the leaves and stems of this plant resulted in the isolation of 45 new compounds (20 dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans (1-20), 14 other types lignans (42-55), 8 highly oxidated nortriterpenoids (84-91) and 3 neoflavanone (117-119)) together with 84 known compounds. (2) Study on the quantitative analysis of lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith The quantitative determination of lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith were studied. Four new analytical methods, including “the determination of fourteen lignans in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith by high performance liquid chromatography and sample preparation with matrix solid phase dispersion”, “the determination of seven triterpenoids in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection and sample preparation with matrix solid phase dispersion”, “the determination of eight highly oxidated nortriterpenoids in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection and sample preparation with matrix solid phase dispersion”, “the determination of nine flavones in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith by high performance liquid chromatography and sample preparation with matrix solid phase dispersion” were established. In these studies, some new techniques, such as samples preparation with matrix solid phase dispersion, evaporative light scattering detection, automatic gel permeation samples cleanup system and higher throughput fast separation chromatographic column were used. The matrix solid-phase dispersion combines both samples homogenization and extraction of the analyzed compounds into one step. It considerably reduced the sample size and the solvent consumption. The method precision and recovery are higher than that of traditional solvent extraction method. The automatic gel permeation samples cleanup system can effectively separate the interference components and greatly improve the selectivity of the analytical method. By evaporative light scattering detection, the triterpenoids (nonchromophoric compounds) can directly be detected with high sensitivity without using any derivation. By ZORBAX Stable Bound C18 rapid analysis columns, the ansytes in this studied can achieve a baseline separation within 3-7 min. Compared to the routine column, more than 70% of separation time was saved. By using these new techniques, the established methods in this studied are rapid, high sensitive and selective, and provides good reproducibility and accurateness for the quantification of the effective components in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith. The lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones in the roots, stems, fruits and leaves of Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith were determined by the established methods. The results demonstrated that the roots and the stem have the very similar chemical compunnds content. However, the compounds in fruit and leaf have the mark difference. The root and stem contain the high triterpenoids content. The fruit contains the high lignans content. The leaf contains the high flavones content. By these quantitative determinations, the accurate content of lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones in Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith was confirmed. This provided scientific basis for the pharmaceutical evaluation, exploitation and utilization of Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith. (3) The utilization of the Schisandra extract as cigarette additive In recent years, the utilazation of traditional Chinese medicine as tobacco additive received more and more attentions. The chemical constituents study of Schisandra Wilsoniana A.C. Smith shows the the Schisandra contains many effective components such as lignans, triterpenoids, highly oxidated nortriterpenoids and flavones. The GC-MS analysis shows that the Schisandra also contains rich volatile aroma components. Therefore, the utilazition of Schisandra extract as cigarette additive was studied. The process for the extraction of Schisandra was optimized. The effects of Schisandra extract on the cigarette flavor and the harmful components in cigarette smoke were studied. The results demonstrated that the Schisandra extract can improve the quility of cigarette smoke, eliminate free radicals and reduce humful compounds in cigarette smoke. It is an effects additive for cigarette industry. (4) The progress of the application of natural products in cigarette The progress of the application of natural products in cigarette was reviewed. This review include “the utilazation of natural products as cigarette flavors”, “the utilazation of traditional Chinese medicine to reducing the tar and humful compounds in cigarette smoke”, “the other application of natural products in cigarette industry”, and 151 published literatures were cited.
语种	中文
公开日期	2011-10-25
页码	169
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/26]
专题	昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨光宇. 鹤庆五味子化学成分研究及在卷烟中的应用[D]. 昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2008.

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。