题名古尔班通古特沙漠东南缘不同植物功能群的叶性因子和根系特征研究
作者杨俊
学位类别硕士
答辩日期2009
授予单位中国科学院.新疆生态与地理研究所
授予地点北京
导师李彦,中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
关键词植物功能群
其他题名Research on the Characteristics of the Root Systems and the Foliar Traits for Different Plant Functional Groups of SE Gurbantonggut Desert
学位专业生态学
中文摘要古尔班通古特沙漠年均降水量仅70-150mm,却形成良好的植被覆盖,这些植物群落在对荒漠的防风固沙、生态保护等方面具有重要意义。本文通过野外调查,根据植物生活型组成,将生活型功能群划分为短命植物、一年生草本植物、多年生草本植物和灌木,研究了古尔班通古特沙漠东南缘天然荒漠不同植物功能群的叶性因子和根系特征。主要调查植物地上部分的株高、冠幅、比叶面积(SLA)、单位重量叶氮含量(Nmass)和单位面积叶氮含量(Narea),地下部分的根系深度、根幅、侧根主要分布区间。结果表明:(1)比叶面积在不同植物功能群之间具有较大差异,其均值大小比较为:短命植物>一年生草本植物>多年生草本植物>灌木,Nmass随着SLA的增加而增加,但SLA与Nmass的关系格局在多年生草本植物-灌木(Narea >2.0g/m2)与一年生草本植物-短命植物(Narea <2.0g/m2)之间存在策略位移现象,即在相同SLA下,多年生草本植物和灌木比短命植物和一年生草本植物具有更高的叶氮含量,或在相同的Nmass下,多年生草本植物和灌木比短命植物和一年生草本植物具有更小的比叶面积。(2) 短命植物的根深均小于68cm,侧根主要分布在距地表35cm以上的土层中;一年生草本植物、多年生草本植物和灌木的根深均大于65cm,距地表60cm以上的土层是侧根的主要分布层。短命植物、一年生草本植物、多年生草本植物、灌木的根深均值分别为43.5cm、82 cm、115 cm、192.5 cm,根幅均值为18.7 cm、29 cm、101.7 cm、293.5cm,在垂直和水平方向上逐渐增大根系分布的空间范围,具有分层性;根冠比均值为0.12、0.11、0.25、1.00。(3)一年生草本植物角果藜的根系垂直生长主要发生在4月至5月中旬,短命植物尖喙牻牛儿苗的根系垂直生长主要在5月之前,两者都是在干旱季节来临之前垂直根迅速生长,以增加水分吸收。(4)垄上和垄间均有分布的短命植物和一年生草本植物,在垄上的根深明显大于垄间,根幅却无明显差异。这些事实说明,不同植物功能群对干旱生境的适应特征具有趋同性和趋异性,根据各自的生活史策略,不同植物功能群形成了相似或截然不同的叶片和根系特征,在生长与抗旱之间获得平衡以维持生存。The precipitation is only 70-150mm in southeastern brim of Gurbantonggut desert, however a favorable vegetation cover has formed in desert. These desert plants are important for defending wind and retaining sand, ecological conservation, etc. These plant species within each community were classified into functional groups based on differences in life from and ecological group (short-lived grasses, annual grasses, perennial grasses, shrubs). The research is based on detailed field investigations in the desert. The different plant functional groups, which growing in the southern fringe of the Gurbantonggut desert, were wholly excavated for studying foliar traits and the characteristics of the root systems. The results are as follows: (1)SLA has great differences in different plant functional groups, and it tended to be of short-lived grasses> annual grasses> perennial grasses>shrubs. There was a strategy shift in the Nmass and SLA relation patterns among the perennial grasses and shrubs(Narea >2.0g/m2)and the short-lived grasses and annual grasses(Narea <2.0g/m2).Compared with the short-lived grasses and annual grasses, perennial grasses and shrubs had a higher Nmass at a given SLA or a lower SLA at a given Nmass. (2)Most lateral roots of short-lived grasses mainly occurred above the depth of 35cm, and roots system distributed in the depth of 0-68cm. The average root depths of short-lived grasses, annual grasses, perennial grasses and shrubs are 43.5cm、82 cm、115 cm、192.5 cm, the horizontal roots spread respectively about 18.7 cm、29 cm、101.7 cm、293.5 cm, the root/shoot ration are 0.12、0.11、0.25、1.00 for short-lived grasses, annual grasses, perennial grasses and shrubs. (3) The vertical roots of short-lived grasses Erodium axyrrhynchum and annual grasses Ceratocarpus arenarius formed before May so to avoid the drought season. (4)The investigation showed that both short-lived grasses and annual grasses grew in interdune and top of sand dune, compared with the plants grew in interdune, the plants which grew in the top of sand dune had a deeper root system, there is no notable difference in horizontal roots spread. These results indicate that according to respective life history strategy, different plant functional groups in desert formed analogical and dissimilar characteristics of foliar traits and root system, and thus reach a trade-off between growth and drought tolerance.
学科主题植物生态学
公开日期2010-11-12
页码共46页
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8434]  
专题新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据)
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
杨俊. 古尔班通古特沙漠东南缘不同植物功能群的叶性因子和根系特征研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院.新疆生态与地理研究所. 2009.
个性服务
查看访问统计
相关权益政策
暂无数据
收藏/分享
所有评论 (0)
暂无评论
 

除非特别说明,本系统中所有内容都受版权保护,并保留所有权利。


©版权所有 ©2017 CSpace - Powered by CSpace