灵长动物行为与生态学的研究现状与进展(二):活动方式与取食行为

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2015.04.005

CORC > 北京大学 > 生命科学学院

	灵长动物行为与生态学的研究现状与进展(二):活动方式与取食行为; Status and advance on study of behavior and ecology in primate (II): Activity patterns and feeding behavior
	尚玉昌
刊名	自然杂志
	2015
关键词	灵长动物昼行性夜行性取食策略休息移动 primate nocturnal diurnal feeding strategy rest moving
DOI	10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2015.04.005
英文摘要	多数灵长动物都在一天中的某个特定时段进行活动,除了昼行性和夜行性的种类外,很多灵长动物都在清晨和黄昏时表现出一个活动高峰,而在中午有一个休止期,还有一些种类的活动方式非常不规律,在一天24小时内随时都可能活动.上述的每一种活动方式都有利有弊.灵长动物每天都要进行三项主要的活动,即取食、移动和休息.在一天内、一个季节内和一年内对食物选择的变化是现存灵长动物之间最大的差别之一,这种差别对于灵长动物的生活和形态具有深远的影响.灵长动物的食物大体可分为三种主要的类型,即果实、植物叶和各种动物.灵长动物所吃的食物在空间和时间的分布上有很大的变化.生活在同一栖息地内不同种类的灵长动物,其取食策略存在着微妙差异,这些差异说明在经历了6 000万年进化之后,它们已经形成了多种多样的适应性.任何其他目的哺乳动物都没有像灵长目动物那样具有如此多种多样的运动方式,其中包括跳跃、树上和地上的四足行走、悬挂或悬吊行为和双足行走等.有很多事例都说明,灵长动物的取食姿态在物种进化中所起的作用可能与运动方式一样重要.; Most primates limit their activities to one particular segment of each 24-hour day. Rather than being strictly diurnal and nocturnal, they seem to be active at intervals throughout a 24-hour day, an activity pattern that is called cathemeral. Each of these ways of life has its advantages and disadvantages. For most primates, the day is generally divided among three main activities: feeding, moving, and resting. The distribution of activities throughout the day is usually not random. Primate diets have generally been divided into three main food categories: fruit, leaves and fauna. In addition to particular nutritional and mechanical features, primate foods may vary considerably in their distribution and availability in both space and time. No other order of mammals displays the diversity of locomotors habits seen among primates. Primate locomotors habits can be divided into several major categories: leaping, arboreal and terrestrial guadrupedalism, suspensory behavior and bipedalism. In addition to locomotion, primatologist also pay careful attention to differences in primate postures—the way primates sit, hang, cling, or stand. In many instances, feeding postures may be as important as locomotion in the evolution of the species.; 中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC); 4; 278-280; 37
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.pku.edu.cn/handle/20.500.11897/424767]
专题	生命科学学院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	尚玉昌. 灵长动物行为与生态学的研究现状与进展(二):活动方式与取食行为, Status and advance on study of behavior and ecology in primate (II): Activity patterns and feeding behavior[J]. 自然杂志,2015.
APA	尚玉昌.(2015).灵长动物行为与生态学的研究现状与进展(二):活动方式与取食行为.自然杂志.
MLA	尚玉昌."灵长动物行为与生态学的研究现状与进展(二):活动方式与取食行为".自然杂志 (2015).