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题名	辽河干流底质微生物群落结构及芘降解菌研究
作者	王荣
答辩日期	2007-06-05
文献子类	博士
授予单位	中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所
授予地点	沈阳应用生态研究所
关键词	辽河 微生物多样性 菲、芘原位降解菌 生物标记物 Irms
其他题名	Microbial Diversity Analysis of Sediments in the Main Stream of Liaohe River and Identification of Pyrene Degraders
英文摘要	As a heavy industrial base，Liaoning Province is famous for its petrochemical, coal, and iron and steel industries. In recent years, with the rapid development in economy and urbanization in Liaohe Drainage Area (LHDA), the Liaohe River has been seriously polluted due to an unbalanced industrial structure and great lag in pollution control. Therefore, it is a priority surveying the status of water pollution in Liaohe River to improve the water quality and to conduct specific biological remediation in LHDA. It is also of important to investigate the microbial diversity and metabolic functions in sediments, and the interrelation of the sediment chemical characteristics and the biological aspects, providing theoretical and technical support for biological remediation of water body in Liaohe River. In this study, sediment samples from eight monitoring sites along the main stream of Liaohe River were collected during different seasonal periods (high-flow and mean-flow periods), and the concentration and source of the petroleum pollutant (total petrohydrocarbons, TPH) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs) in sediments were also determined. Additionally, the microbial community structure in sediments was also evaluated by using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and phospholipid fatty-acid analysis (PLFA). Meanwhile, the indigenous microbial groups degreading phenanthrene and pyrene in sediments were identified by gas chromatography combustion Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (GC-c-IRMS) combined with PLFA adopting 13C as biomarker. Moreover, new culture method was used to enrich and isolate pyrene degraders from sediments by different absorbing materials. The results showed that, 1) the TPH concentration during mean-flow period (276.1~560.6mg/L) was higher than that in high-flow period (157.9~462.2 mg/L). The PAHs amounted to 93.5~209.1ug/kg and 124.1~270.4 ug/kg in high-flow and mean-flow period,which were possibly derived from the pyrogenation process of petrohydrocarbons and exhaust gas pollution. 2) Both DGGE and PLFA analysis indcated that the microbial community structure of the sediment samples was meanly correlated with geographical lacation and the situation of pollution. There were no relationship between the mivrobial diversity and the concentration of TPH and PAHs, indicating the specific microbial diversity observed were influenced by total pollutants or/and environmental factors. 3) The results of 13C-PLFA-GC-c-IRMS analysis showed that the dominant phenanthrene/pyrene degrader were G- bacteria and some fungi. The G+ bacteria and actinomycetes also participated in the pollutant biodegradation. The microbial populations involved in phenapherene and pyrene degradation were to some extent similar. 4) 6 pyrene-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from sediments by the absorbing-material-method.; 辽宁省是以石油化工、煤炭化工和钢铁工业为主的重工业基地。辽河流域近年来经济发展迅速，城市化水平不断提高，但由于产业结构的不合理和污染治理水平的相对滞后，致使辽河流域水体污染严重。对辽河流域水体污染状况、污染物化学与生物学的相互作用、微生物群落结构与功能的关系开展调查研究，对开展污染水体的生物生态修复具有重要的指导意义。 本论文选取辽河流域干流8个水文监测站点的不同时期（丰水期和平水期）底质为研究对象，调查了有机污染物（总油TPHs）和有毒污染物（多环芳烃PAHs）污染程度以及主要来源；采用变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）和磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）两种分析方法，对其微生物群落结构及多样性进行了分析；并以13C标记的菲和芘为代谢底物，以PLFA为生物标记物，采用气相色谱-稳定同位素比率质谱（GC-c-IRMS）分析技术，鉴定了底质样品中参与菲和芘代谢的主要微生物类群；并利用不同的吸附性载体进行了芘降解菌的富集和筛选。 研究结果表明： 1）平水期总石油烃污染比丰水期严重，TPH 含量分别在276.1～560.6mg/kg（平水期）和157.9～462.2mg/kg（丰水期）之间，辽河入海口TPH污染最重；PAHs含量分别在124.1～270.4ug/kg（平水期）和93.5～209.1ug/kg（丰水期）之间；主要来源于石油类污染物和化石燃料的热解，汽车尾气的污染等。 2) 采用DGGE和PLFA两种方法分析微生物群落结构得到基本一致的结果。微生物多样性与总石油烃含量、总多环芳烃含量无显著相关性，多样性指数是多种污染物和环境因子综合影响的结果。 3) 稳定同位素代谢示踪实验表明，底质中存在菲和芘的降解菌群；参与菲和芘降解的微生物均以G-细菌为主，真菌次之；G+细菌和放线菌也参与代谢；参与菲和芘代谢的菌群有一定的相似性。 4) 利用不同吸附性载体从污染底质样品中筛选到6株降解菌。
语种	中文
公开日期	2010-12-15
页码	90
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://210.72.129.5/handle/321005/2545]
专题	沈阳应用生态研究所_沈阳应用生态研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王荣. 辽河干流底质微生物群落结构及芘降解菌研究[D]. 沈阳应用生态研究所. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所. 2007.

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