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题名	生物质低温热解特性研究
作者	吴逸民
学位类别	硕士
答辩日期	2009-05-31
授予单位	中国科学院广州能源研究所
授予地点	广州能源研究所
导师	赵增立
关键词	生物质 低温热解 热重分析 裂解气质联用 螺旋反应器
其他题名	Low Temperature Pyrolysis Characteristics of BiomassLow Temperature Pyrolysis Characteristics of Biomass
学位专业	环境工程
中文摘要	To solve the problem caused by energy shortage and environmental pollution, the exploitation and utilization of biomass energy has been paid more attention during these years. Biomass can be converted into gaseous, liquid and solid fuels and other chemical products by pyrolysis technology. Biomass is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, which have apparently different pyrolysis characteristics. In view of the different of pyrolysis characteristics of the major components of biomass, it is possible to obtain desired target products from selecting pyrolysis of the major components of biomass. Production of the high quality bio-oil from degradation of residual solids provides a good technical route to utilize of biomass high efficiently. The present work focused on investigating the low temperature pyrolysis characteristics of biomass and major components of biomass. The project was funded by National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2007AA05Z456). Firstly the low temperature pyrolysis characteristics of major components of biomass were investigated by TGA and Py-GC/MS. The experimental results showed that thermal stability of major components of biomass was in descending order of cellulose>lignin>hemicellulose, and the major components of biomass had different contribution to the volatiles from the pyrolysis process. The degradation of hemicellulose generated acetic acid, 1-hydroxy-propanone and 1-hydroxy-2-butanone. The high yield of levoglucosan and anhydro-cellobise was from the pyrolysis of cellulose. Guaiacol was associated with the degradation of the lignin. Direct pyrolysis experiment was carried on eucalyptus, corn cob and fir by Py-GC/MS to investigate the influence of temperature and chemical components on the product of biomass low temperature pyrolysis. Increasing the heating termperature decreased the relative contents of furan products from pyrolysis of corn cob and eucalyptus, terpene products from pyrolysis of fir, acid products from pyrolysis of all, and increased that of phenol products from pyrolysis of eucalyptus and fir increases. However, the pyrolysis products distribution among different temperature range were investigated by step-pyrolysis experiments of Py-GC/MS. There were relatively less components in the pyrolysis products when eucalyptus, corn cob and fir were pyrolized under low temperature condition as 25-350℃, the main products of eucalyptus were 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2h-pyran-2-one, whereas 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran and 4-hydroxy-3- methylacetophenone of corn cob, cedrol and 4-hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde of fir. There were more yield and species of eucalyptus pyrolysis products generated in the temperature range of 450-500℃, in which step the pyrolysis products were found in form of ketones and aromatics. Similar to eucalyptus, the yield and species are much when corn cob and fir pyrolyzed under the temperature of 400-450℃ and 400-500℃ respectively. The dominate pyrolysis product of corn cob were ketones when the temperature range is 400-450℃, and that of fir were ketones and aromatics when temperature range is 400-500℃. The low temperature pyrolysis experiments of fir and straw were carried out in a screw reactor. The experimental results showed the weight loss of biomass occurred at 240-320℃ due to the hemicellulose of biomass pyrolysis. Pyrolysis liquid products of low temperature pyrolysis had a high content of water, and the main products were methanol, acetic acid and 1-hydroxy -propanone. The main gas products were CO and CO2, and a few of H2 and CH4. Different pyrolysis products were produced from different chemical compositions of biomass, due to their different pyrolysis temperature ranges. It is possible to obtain various desired target products at different temperature ranges from pyrolysis of the main corresponding chemical compositions of biomass. This is believed a good approach to achieve utilization of biomass resources.
语种	中文
公开日期	2011-07-10
页码	69
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.giec.ac.cn/handle/344007/4033]
专题	中国科学院广州能源研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴逸民. 生物质低温热解特性研究[D]. 广州能源研究所. 中国科学院广州能源研究所. 2009.

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