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题名	用于高分辨率超快伽马射线能谱仪的光电探测技术研究
作者	荀爱兵
文献子类	硕士
导师	黄立华
关键词	伽马能谱 gamma-ray spectrum 晶体阵列 crystal array 硅光电倍增管 the silicon photomultiplier 模拟能量沉积 energy deposition simulation 信号处理 data processing
其他题名	Research on Photoelectric Detection Technology in High Resolution Ultrafast Gamma-Ray Spectrometer
英文摘要	伽马射线能通过天然放射性核素的自发衰变产生，也能通过强场激光驱动产生。对自然界中自发产生的伽马射线的能谱进行测量，可以获得伽马辐射的总量、各种核素的含量等各种参数，这些参数能够应用在铀矿勘探、油气勘测等领域；对强场激光驱动得到的伽马射线的能谱进行准确测量，可以更深入地理解强场激光驱动产生伽马射线的机理，从而能够更加有效地利用强场激光来驱动产生伽马射线，强场激光驱动产生伽马射线将会在激光核物理、核废料处理、核医学、伽马和中子探测等战略高技术领域的可持续创新发展中起到不可替代的促进作用。 目前，国内外研究比较多的是对于天然放射性核素产生的伽马射线的能谱测量，所获得的能谱的能量分辨率也比较高，但是探测的时间分辨率差，无法实现强场激光驱动产生的皮秒时间间隔的多个伽马光子的同时探测。因此，有必要开展对超快伽马射线能谱探测的研究。 本文开展超快伽马射线能谱仪的光电探测技术研究，为超快伽马射线能谱仪的研制打下了基础，主要内容如下： （1）概括了伽马射线能谱以及超快伽马射线能谱探测技术，简要介绍了伽马射线能谱仪中的光电探测器，总结了国内外的发展现状，探讨了课题的研究目的与意义，最后对本文的主要内容进行了描述。 （2）叙述了基于闪烁体探测器的伽马射线能谱探测的理论基础，主要对闪烁体进行了简单的介绍，同时简述了伽马射线与物质间的相互作用。 （3）模拟了伽马射线在不同闪烁晶体中的能量沉积，首先介绍了模拟软件、辐射源、闪烁晶体以及光电探测器的选取，进而详述了模拟过程以及模拟结果，最后对模拟结果进行分析。 （4）搭建了伽马射线能谱仪实验装置，实验装置包括闪烁晶体阵列、光电探测系统、信号采集系统、数据处理算法等。 （5）利用实验装置开展了系列实验，获得了实验结果，并对实验结果进行了深入分析。 （6）总结了本文的主要工作，列出了创新点，同时指出了本文的不足以及下一步需要开展的研究工作。; Gamma rays can be generated by spontaneous decay of natural radionuclides and can also be generated through strong-field laser. Parameters, like the total amount of gamma radiation and the content of different radionuclides, can be obtained from the measurement of nature gamma-ray spectrum. These parameters play an important role in the fields such as uranium exploration, oil and gas exploration and so on. The mechanism of gamma rays generated by strong-field laser can be deeply understood by accurately measuring the spectrum of the gamma rays and it will help to utilize the strong-field laser to generate the gamma rays more effectively. Gamma rays generated through strong-field laser will play an implacable role in the sustainable development of strategic high-tech fields such as laser nuclear physics, nuclear medicine, nuclear waste disposal, gamma-ray and neutron detection and so on. There are many studies on the measurement of natural gamma-ray spectrum both home and abroad. Despite the high energy resolution, the time resolution is poor. However the time interval of gamma rays generated through strong-field laser is of picosecond, as a result, it is not possible to measure the gamma photos generated through strong-field laser simultaneously. Therefore it is necessary to carry out the research on the ultrafast gamma-ray spectrum detection. The photoelectric detection technology in high resolution ultrafast gamma-ray spectrometer is studied in the dissertation and this will lay the foundation of the development of ultrafast gamma-ray spectrometer. The main contents are as follows: (1) Summarized gamma-ray spectrum and ultrafast gamma-ray spectrum detection technology, briefly introduced photoelectric detectors of gamma-ray spectrometers, summed up the development of gamma-ray spectrometers at home and abroad, discussed the purpose and significance of the study and described the main content of this dissertation. (2) Summarized the theories of gamma-ray spectrum detection based on scintillation detectors. Briefly introduced the scintillators and interactions between gamma rays and materials. (3) Simulated the energy deposition of gamma rays in different scintillation crystals. Firstly introduced the selections of simulation software, radiation sources, scintillation crystals and photo detectors. Then detailed the simulation process and simulation results. Finally analyzed the simulation results. (4) Set up the experimental device of the gamma-ray spectrometer studied in this dissertation which includes the scintillation crystal array, the photoelectric detection system, the signal acquisition system, data processing algorithms and so on. (5) Carried out a series of experiments using the experimental device, obtained experimental results and deeply analyzed the results. (6) Summarized the main work of this dissertation, listed the innovation points, pointed out the shortcomings of this dissertation and the research work that needs to be done in the next step.
学科主题	光学工程
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/30936]
专题	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	荀爱兵. 用于高分辨率超快伽马射线能谱仪的光电探测技术研究[D].

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