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题名	超短超强激光系统波前控制技术与实验研究
作者	陈杰
文献子类	硕士
导师	朱海东
关键词	超短超强激光，拍瓦激光，自适应光学，波前控制，哈特曼传感 ultra-short ultra-intense laser, petawatt laser, adaptive optics,
其他题名	Study of Wavefront Control Technology and Experiment Based on Ultra-Short Ultra-Intense Laser System
英文摘要	在大型超短超强激光系统中，光束波前质量是重要指标之一，光束波前质 量关系到装置的整体运行性能，尤其是与装置物理实验打靶的靶面聚焦峰值功 率紧密相关。与此同时，输出光束波前质量和远场焦斑形态也是系统安全运行 的可靠保证。因此，利用自适应光学波前控制技术分析和控制全系统像差并提 高输出光束波前质量已成为大口径超短超强激光系统中的重要研究内容。 本文首先系统介绍了大口径激光装置中自适应光学的基本概念，波前测 量、控制和校正的原理和方法，以及 SG-II-5PW 超短超强激光装置基本概况。 再介绍了基于圆形域和方形域 Zernike 多项式对不同口径形状的波前拟合的数 学原理，为分析 SG-II-5PW 装置像差提供理论依据。 以 SG-II-5PW 超短超强激光装置为研究平台，本文开展了一系列波前测量 分析与控制实验。首先，搭建了自适应光学系统的波前测量光路，标定光路以 及靶点波前测量光路，并创新性提出和运用双哈特曼波前传感器对 SG-II-5PW 装置的压缩器前和离轴镜焦点处位置分别进行测量和监控。得到压缩器前主光 路像差和靶点处全系统像差，分析波前像差结果表明 SG-II-5PW 装置固有像差 以像散为主要特征。其次，利用自适应光学波前控制系统分别对 SG-II-5PW 压 缩器前段和全系统像差进行闭环校正，结果显示系统波前像差得到有效控制， 波前峰谷值（PV）降至未校正时的约十分之一以内，并且系统固有的主要像差 像散得到有效控制，校正后波前各项 Zernike 模式系数大幅下降，分布均衡， 校正效果显著。最后，通过理论计算和实验分析表明，利用自适应光学波前闭 环校正使 SG-II-5PW 装置的聚焦能力得到大幅提升。 在 SG-II-5PW 装置系统像差的优化过程中，文中提出基于哈特曼波前传感 器对大型高功率宽带光谱激光系统空间啁啾的研究方法。对种子源产生的宽带 光谱脉冲进行分波段采集波前，根据不同波段波前分布特征对系统横向空间啁 啾进行研究，再利用 MATLAB 对有横向空间啁啾和消除横向空间啁啾后的波 前进行聚焦模拟计算，得到远场焦斑形态与环围能量集中度分布，结果表明消 除横向空间啁啾后焦斑形态和质量得到提升。 基于 SG-II-5PW 装置， 本文还提出了用波前传感器调节空间滤波器的方法， 利用波前传感器可以在线监测反馈和调节空间滤波器，并且量化离焦像差，能 提高调节空间滤波器的精度和便捷性。; In ultra-short ultra-intense laser system, wavefront quality of laser beam is one of the most important indicators. The wavefront quality control is related to the overall performance of the facility, especially the peak power on target of physical experiments. Meanwhile, the output beam wavefront quality as well as far field focal spot morphology is also reliable guarantee for the safety operation of the system. Therefore, utilizing adaptive optical wavefront control technology to analyze and control system aberration, and improve the output wavefront quality has become an important research of high-power ultra-short ultra-intense laser field. In this paper, the basic concepts of adaptive optics, the principle and method of wavefront measurement, control and correction are proposed systematically. And the basic overview of SG-II-5PW ultra-short ultra-intense facility are introduced. The mathematical principle of wavefront fitting of different aperture shapes based on circular domain and square domain Zernike polynomials is introduced, which provides the theoretical basis for analyzing the aberration of SG-II-5PW facility. With SG-II-5PW ultra-short ultra-intense facility as the research platform, a series of wavefront measurement and control experiments are carried out in this paper. Firstly, the optical path of wavefront measurement and calibration are set up, the wavefront measurement and monitoring at different positions by using double Hartmann wavefront sensor are proposed. Wavefront aberration at different position are measured separately and the results show that the main aberration of the SG-II-5PW facility is the astigmatism. Secondly, the adaptive optical closed loop wavefront control technology is used to correct the front of compressor and the whole system aberration respectively. The results show that the aberration of the system is effectively controlled. The wavefront PV is reduced to less than one-tenth of the uncorrected time, the inherently astigmatism is well controlled, and the Zernike mode coefficients of the wavefront are greatly reduced. Finally，through the theoretical calculation and experimental analysis, it is shown that the adaptive optical wavefront closed loop correction can greatly improve the system focusing ability. In the process of optimization of aberration of SG-II-5PW facility, the research method of spatial chirp for broadband laser system based on Hartmann wavefront sensor is proposed. Based on the wavefront distribution characteristics of different bands, the spatial chirp of the system is studied, then the focus of wavefront is simulated by MATLAB, the results show that the shape and quality of the focal spot are improved after eliminating the spatial chirp. Based on the SG-II-5PW facility, this paper also proposes a method of adjusting the spatial filter with the wavefront sensor. The wavefront sensor can be used to monitor the feedback and adjust the spatial filter on line, and quantify the defocus aberration to improve the accuracy and convenience of adjusting spatial filter in laser system.
学科主题	光学工程
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/30997]
专题	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈杰. 超短超强激光系统波前控制技术与实验研究[D].

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