QQ客服 官方微博 反馈留言

题名	空间激光通信ATP系统的快速反射镜驱动技术
作者	赵学强
文献子类	硕士
导师	侯霞
关键词	光通信 Optical communication ATP ATP FSM Fast steering mirror 模拟驱动电路 Analog drive circuit
其他题名	The analog driving technology of fast steering mirror for ATP system of space laser communication
英文摘要	空间激光通信系统中，为了解决高带宽、高精度和高稳定性的控制难题，跟踪系统通常采用主从复合轴控制技术来保证ATP（Acquisition,Tracking,Pointing简称ATP）系统的动态跟踪精度。快速反射镜作为精跟踪伺服单元的核心元件，需要具备很高的控制带宽和控制精度来抑制粗跟踪残余误差，保证建立起的激光通信链路稳定、可靠。 文中简要介绍了空间激光通信系统的组成和光电跟踪技术，并结合ATP系统的控制需求，给出了计算快速反射镜偏转范围、分辨精度、谐振频率等指标的方法，详细介绍了压电陶瓷FSM（Fast steering mirror 或者Fine steering mirror简称FSM，意为快速反射镜）的分类、组成结构、驱动原理以及其包括蠕变特性、迟滞特性、温度特性在内的非线性特性。 重点介绍了快速反射镜技术和压电陶瓷快速反射镜模拟驱动技术的研究现状，采用的相关技术和达到的水平，列出了一些有代表性的研究成果。针对ATP系统中精跟踪单元的FSM伺服电路的高带宽，高精度的指标要求，分析了现有模拟驱动技术的不足，提出了基于前馈PID（Proportion,Integral,Derivative英文缩写PID）控制的模拟驱动方法。 针对FSM模拟驱动电路的设计难点，本文设计的模拟驱动电路采用FSM内部的应变电阻传感器构成位置闭环控制来修正FSM的非线性误差，采用双T陷波电路来抑制电路中频率和FSM结构谐振频率相等或接近的信号防止谐振。文中详细描述了FSM驱动电路各子单元电路的作用和具体形式，还结合CADENCE电路仿真软件对各子单元电路的关键参数进行了仿真，特别是对容性负载引起的功率放大器工作不稳定问题，提出了采用噪声增益补偿和CF补偿相结合的频率补偿方案，将功率放大电路的相位裕量从-1.8度提高到64度，解决了末端功率放大电路的震荡问题。 针对高带宽微量调节角度的测量，提出了基于高带宽PSD(Position Sensitive Device简称PSD)的光斑抖动测量方案，以便能够测量0kHz到10kHz范围角度调谐能力，并搭建了相应的实验测量装置，能够测量频率小于13.5K，范围小于3mrad的角度抖动，测量精度1.05μrad。同时也搭建了基于光电自准直仪的光斑位置探测实验装置，用于测量静态或者慢速的角度变化。实验采用自建的测量装置对研制的基于PID控制的模拟驱动电路和前馈PID控制的模拟驱动电路进行了相应的测试和比对，FSM在开环控制下的迟滞回线最大误差占为总行程的11.6%，基于PID控制的模拟驱动电路和前馈PID控制的模拟驱动电路X轴线性度分别为0.53%、0.58%，Y轴线性度分别为0.36%、0.36%；在4mrad的阶跃响应下，基于PID控制的模拟驱动电路上升沿时间约为10ms，基于前馈PID控制的模拟驱动电路上升沿时间约为400μs。采用输入输出对比方法测量了电路的幅频特性和相频特性，前馈PID控制的模拟驱动电路带宽可200Hz，而基于PID控制的模拟驱动电路仅约70Hz~80Hz。测试结果显示文中提到的前馈PID模拟驱动电路具有更好的幅频特性和相频特性，更适合应用于高带宽大角度的角度扫描领域。; In order to solve the problem of high bandwidth, high precision and high stability in the space laser communication system, the master-slave control technology is used to ensure the dynamic tracking accuracy of the ATP（Acquisition,Tracking,Pointing，referred to as ATP）system. As the key component of the fine tracking servo unit and the advanced servo unit, the fast mirror needs to have a high control bandwidth and control precision to suppress the residual error and ensure that the laser established communication link is stable and reliable. This thesis briefly introduced the composition of the space laser communication system and photoelectric tracking technology, and also gave the method to calculate deflection angle range, resolution, resonant frequency and other parameters of FSM combined with the control requirements of ATP system. The classification, composition, structure, driving principle of FSM system and its nonlinear characteristics including hysteresis, creep characteristic, and temperature characteristic are introduced in detail. This thesis focused on the research status of the fast steering mirror and its analog drive technology for piezoelectric FSM(Fast steering mirror or Fine steering mirror refered to as FSM), some representative research were listed in chronological order. Then this thesis analyzed the shortage of the existing analog drive technology and proposed an analog drive method based on feed-forward PID control to meet the high bandwidth and high precision requirements of the FSM servo circuit of the fine tracking unit in the ATP system. To solve the difficulties in the design, the internal strain resistance sensor was used in the designed analog drive circuit to form the position closed-loop control circuit to correct the nonlinear error, and used a double T trap circuit to prevent resonance by suppressing the signal whose frequency was equal or close to the resonance frequency of the FSM. This thesis described the function and the specific form of each sub circuit of FSM drive circuit in detail, and also simulated the key parameters for each subunit circuit using CADENCE circuit simulation software. Especially for the instability of the power amplifier caused by capacitive load, this paper proposed a frequency compensation method that combined the noise gain compensation(Lead-Lag Compensation) and the CF compensation(Lead Compensation), which could increase the phase margin of the power amplification circuit from -1.8 degrees to 64 degrees。 For the measurement of high bandwidth micro-angle jitter, a method based on PSD(Position Sensitive Device,refered to as PSD) was proposed to test spot jitter with the modulation frequency range from 0kHz to 10kHz, the corresponding experimental device was built which was able to measure the angular jitter in frequency less than 13.5K and amplitude less than 3mrad and its measurement accuracy was 1.05μrad. Another experimental device based on photoelectric autocollimator was built to test the spot position of laser beam at static or slowly varying. In the last part, two different kinds of FSM analog drive circuit were tested and compared respectively, one of which was based on PID controller while the other was based on feed-forward PID controller. The maximum error in hysteresis loop generated when in open-loop control was 11.6% of the total stroke. For X direction of the FSM drive circuit based on PID controller and the FSM drive circuit based on feed-forward PID controller, their linearity were 0.53%, 0.58% respectively, while for Y direction their linearity were 0.36%, 0.36% respectively.The rise time of FSM drive circuit based on PID controller after a step response of 4mrad was about 10ms, and the rise time of FSM drive circuit based on feed-forward PID controller after a step response of 600μrad was about 400μs. The amplitude frequency characteristic and phase frequency characteristic of the circuit were measured by comparing the input and the output of FSM analog drive circuit, the -3dB bandwidth of analog drive circuit based on feedforward PID controller is up to 200Hz, while the analog drive circuit based on the PID controller is only about 70Hz~80Hz. The test results showed that the analog drive circuit based on feed-forward PID controller had a better amplitude frequency characteristic and phase frequency characteristic and was more suitable for using in high bandwidth and large angle.
学科主题	光学工程
内容类型	学位论文
源URL	[http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/31027]
专题	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
作者单位	中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	赵学强. 空间激光通信ATP系统的快速反射镜驱动技术[D].

个性服务

查看访问统计

相关权益政策

暂无数据

收藏/分享

除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。