Soil internal forces contribute more than raindrop impact force to rainfall splash erosion

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.031

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	Soil internal forces contribute more than raindrop impact force to rainfall splash erosion
	Liu, G (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, 26 Xinong Rd, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Feinan Hu 2,3; Jingfang Liu 1,2; Chenyang Xu 1; Wei Du 1; Zhihua Yang 3; Xinmin Liu 4; Gang Liu 2,3; Shiwei Zhao 2,3
刊名	GEODERMA
	2018
卷号	330 页码:91-98
关键词	Electrostatic Force Hydration Force Raindrop Impact Force Rainfall Kinetic Energy
ISSN号	0016-7061
DOI	10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.031
文献子类	Article
英文摘要	Soil internal forces, including electrostatic, hydration and van der Waals, play critical roles in aggregate stability, erosion, and other processes related to soil and water. However, the extent to which soil internal forces influence splash erosion during rainfall remains unclear. In the present study, we used cationic-saturated soil samples to quantitatively separate the effects of soil internal and raindrop impact forces (external) on splash erosion through simulated rainfall experiments. An electrolyte solution was employed as rainfall material to represent the combined effects of soil internal and external forces on splash erosion. Ethanol was used to simulate the sole effect of soil external force on splash erosion. The soil splash erosion rate increased with increasing rainfall kinetic energy in experiments with electrolyte solution and ethanol and was also greatly influenced by soil internal forces. Moreover, the soil splash erosion rate increased first (from 1 to 10(-2) mol L-1) then leveled off (from 10(-2) to 10(-4) molL(-1)) with decreasing electrolyte concentration in the bulk solution. This finding was in agreement with the theoretical analysis of soil internal forces. The contribution rate of soil internal forces on splash erosion was > 65% at a low electrolyte concentration (< 10(-2)mol L-1) and only 3%-25% at an electrolyte concentration of 1 mol L-1. Even though the electrolyte concentration of the soil bulk solution reached 10(-1) mol L-1, the contribution rate of soil internal forces to splash erosion was > 50%. Hence, soil internal forces exerted higher contribution to rainfall splash erosion than raindrop impact force under most field conditions. This work provides new understanding of the mechanism of soil splash erosion and establishes the possibility of controlling splash erosion by jointly regulating the soil internal and external forces.
学科主题	Agriculture
出版地	PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
语种	英语
出版者	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
WOS记录号	WOS:000438324600009
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China [41601236, 41701261, 41761144060] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41601236, 41701261, 41761144060] ; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFE0202900] ; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFE0202900] ; CAS "Light of West China" Program [XAB2016B07] ; CAS "Light of West China" Program [XAB2016B07] ; Doctoral Start Up Research Fund of Northwest AF University [2452016152] ; Doctoral Start Up Research Fund of Northwest AF University [2452016152] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41601236, 41701261, 41761144060] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41601236, 41701261, 41761144060] ; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFE0202900] ; National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFE0202900] ; CAS "Light of West China" Program [XAB2016B07] ; CAS "Light of West China" Program [XAB2016B07] ; Doctoral Start Up Research Fund of Northwest AF University [2452016152] ; Doctoral Start Up Research Fund of Northwest AF University [2452016152]
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://ir.iswc.ac.cn/handle/361005/8173]
专题	水保所科研产出--SCI_2018--SCI
通讯作者	Liu, G (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, 26 Xinong Rd, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
作者单位	1.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 2.Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 3.Chinese Acad Sci & Minist Water Resources, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China 4.Southwest Univ, Coll Resources & Environm, Chongqing Key Lab Soil Multiscale Interfacial Pro, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Liu, G ,Feinan Hu,Jingfang Liu,et al. Soil internal forces contribute more than raindrop impact force to rainfall splash erosion[J]. GEODERMA,2018,330:91-98.
APA	Liu, G .,Feinan Hu.,Jingfang Liu.,Chenyang Xu.,Wei Du.,...&Shiwei Zhao.(2018).Soil internal forces contribute more than raindrop impact force to rainfall splash erosion.GEODERMA,330,91-98.
MLA	Liu, G ,et al."Soil internal forces contribute more than raindrop impact force to rainfall splash erosion".GEODERMA 330(2018):91-98.