笼养肉鸡生长过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放

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	笼养肉鸡生长过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放
	周忠凯; 朱志平; 董红敏; 陈永杏; 尚斌
刊名	环境科学
	2013
卷号	34 期号:6 页码:2098-2106
关键词	笼养肉鸡氨气甲烷二氧化碳排放因子
ISSN号	0250-3301
其他题名	NH_3, N_2O, CH_4 and CO_2 Emissions from Growing Process of Caged Broilers
英文摘要	为确定规模化笼养肉鸡生产过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放因子,并探讨不同生长阶段排放特征,本研究选择山东某商业化肉鸡养殖场,利用INNOVA 1312多气体分析仪-连续采样测试系统和风机风量现场测定系统(FANS),对肉鸡舍NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放进行为期42 d的测定,确定了肉鸡整个生产过程气体的平均排放因子和累积排放因子. 结果表明,整个肉鸡生产过程中NH_3排放因子呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,变化范围在8.5~342.1 mg·(d·bird)~(-1),平均为137.9 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) [ 48.6 g·(d·AU)~(-1)],CH_4和CO_2排放因子随着日龄的增加而增大,CH_4排放因子的变化范围在19.5~351.9 mg·(d·bird)~(-1)之间,平均为154.5 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) [54.4 g·(d·AU)~(-1)],CO_2的排放因子在2.2~152.9 g·(d·bird)~(-1)之间变化,平均为65.9 g·(d·bird)~(-1) [23.2 kg·(d·AU)~(-1)],整个生产过程没有监测到N_2O的排放; 肉鸡的NH_3累计排放因子为(5.65±1.02) g·(bird·life cycle)~(-1), 第1阶段(0~17 d)、第2阶段(18~27 d)和第3生长阶段(28~42 d)氨气排放占总排放的比例分别为33.6%、36.4%和29.9%,第2阶段的NH_3累计排放因子显著高于第1和第3生长阶段; CH_4和CO_2的累计排放因子分别为(6.30±0.16) g·(bird·life cycle)~(-1)和(2.68±0.18) kg·(bird·life cycle)~(-1),第3阶段的CH_4和CO_2累计排放因子显著大于1和2阶段,占总排放量的50%以上. 研究结果为控制气体排放提供了数据基础.; To obtain Ammonia and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors of caged broilers, ammonia (NH_3), methane (CH_4), nitrous oxide (N_2O) and carbon dioxide (CO_2) emissions of broilers aged 0 d to 42 days were monitored in caged broilers production systems located in Shandong province. Gas concentrations of incoming and exhaust air streams were measured by using INNOVA 1312 multi-gas monitor with multi-channel samplers. Building ventilation rates were determined by on site FANS (Fan Assessment Numeration System) measurement systems. The NH_3 emission factors showed a trend of increase at the beginning and then decreased with the broiler ages. The NH_3 emission rates were 8.5 to 342.1 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) and the average daily emission rate was 137.9 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) [48.6 g·(d·AU)~(-1)] over the 42-d period. The GHGs emission rates were 19.5-351.9 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) with an average of 154.5 mg·(d·bird)~(-1) [54.4 g·(d·AU)~(-1)] for CH_4, and 2.2-152.9 g·(d·bird)~(-1) with an average of 65.9 g·(d·bird)~(-1) [23.2 kg·(d·AU)~(-1)] for CO_2. No emission of N_2O was observed. The CH_4 and CO_2 emission rates increased with the increase of broilers ages. The total NH_3 emission over the 42 d growing period averaged (5.65±1.02) g·(bird·life cycle)~(-1). The NH_3 emission contribution in different growth phase to the total emission were 33.6% in growth phase 1 (0-17 day, GP1), 36.4% in GP2 (18-27 days), and 29.9% in GP3 (28-42 days), respectively. The NH_3 emission in GP2 was significantly higher than emission in GP1 and GP3. CH_4 and CO_2 cumulative emission rates were (6.30±0.16) g·(bird~(-1)·life cycle)~(-1) and (2.68±0.18) kg·(bird·life cycle)~(-1), respectively. The cumulative emission rates of CH_4 and CO_2 in GP3 were significantly higher than emission rates in GP2 and in GP1, accounting for 50% of total emissions. The results of this study could provide the data support for mitigation of gas emission from broilers production.
学科主题	环境质量评价与环境监测
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/17011]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_环境工程研究室
作者单位	中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,农业部畜牧环境设施设备质量监督检验测试中心(北京), 农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室, 北京, 100081
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周忠凯,朱志平,董红敏,等. 笼养肉鸡生长过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放[J]. 环境科学,2013,34(6):2098-2106.
APA	周忠凯,朱志平,董红敏,陈永杏,&尚斌.(2013).笼养肉鸡生长过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放.环境科学,34(6),2098-2106.
MLA	周忠凯,et al."笼养肉鸡生长过程NH_3、N_2O、CH_4和CO_2的排放".环境科学 34.6(2013):2098-2106.