不同水氮条件对日光温室冬春茬黄瓜栽培氨挥发的影响

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	不同水氮条件对日光温室冬春茬黄瓜栽培氨挥发的影响
	李银坤 1; 梅旭荣 1; 武雪萍 2; 郝卫平 1; 陈敏鹏 1; 夏旭 1; 李昊儒 1
刊名	中国生态农业学报
	2012
卷号	20 期号:11 页码:1413-1419
关键词	日光温室冬春季黄瓜灌溉氮肥氨挥发
ISSN号	1671-3990
其他题名	Effects of irrigation and nitrogen application on ammonia volatilization in solar greenhouse soils in winter-spring cucumber cultivation
英文摘要	通过设置不同灌水、施氮处理,采用通气法研究了温室土壤施肥带与非施肥带的氨挥发特征,探讨了节水灌溉、减量施氮处理与传统水氮处理土壤氨挥发的差异及其影响因素。结果表明,冬春季温室黄瓜土壤在氮肥基施7 d后出现氨挥发峰值,减施氮25%处理的氨挥发峰值比传统施氮处理降低18.2%~34.3%;追肥后,施肥带和非施肥带的氨挥发速率峰值分别在第1 d和第5 d出现,减施氮25%处理与传统施氮处理相比,氨挥发速率峰值降低12.3%~37.2%;节水灌溉处理与传统灌水处理相比,氨挥发峰值则提高3.9%~47.0%。土壤中铵态氮含量以及温度的升高可促进土壤的氨挥发,而土壤含水量则与氨挥发速率呈负相关。在黄瓜花期和初瓜期,施肥带的累计氨挥发量显著高于非施肥带,而初瓜期之后,施肥带与非施肥带的氨挥发无显著差异。整个黄瓜生育季的累计氨挥发量为11.4~26.6 kg.hm~(-2);与传统施氮和灌水处理相比,减施氮25%处理的累计氨挥发量可降低20.8%~22.2%,但节水灌溉处理的累计氨挥发量却有所增加,增加幅度为0~4.51%。适宜减少灌水和氮肥用量不会降低黄瓜产量,且可大幅度提高灌水和氮肥利用效率。; Ammonia volatilization characteristics in fertilized and non-fertilized belts of greenhouse soils were investigated under different irrigation and nitrogen application treatments during winter-spring cucumber cultivation via the venting method.Also differences in ammonia volatilization among water-saving irrigation,reduced nitrogen treatment and traditional water/nitrogen treatments were analyzed and discussed.From the study,peak ammonia volatilization rate was on 7 days after basal fertilization in the solar greenhouse soil.Compared with traditional nitrogen treatment,the peak value for 25%-reduction in nitrogen fertilization dropped by 18.2%~34.3%.While peak ammonia volatilization rate was on the first day in the fertilization belt,it was on the fifth day in the non-fertilization belt after topdressing.Also compared with traditional treatments,the peak value for 25%-reduction in nitrogen fertilization also dropped by 12.3%~37.2% and that for water-saving irrigation treatment increased by 3.9%~47.0%.Ammonia volatilization and loss in the fertilization belt of greenhouse soils mainly occurred during cucumber blooming and initial fruiting periods,which were respectively 1.07~1.50 and 1.06~1.27 times those of the non-fertilization belt.No significant differences in ammonia volatilization and loss existed between fertilization and non-fertilization belts of greenhouse soils during cucumber full-fruit period and end-fruit periods.Ammonia volatilization rate increased with(0~10 cm) soil ammonium nitrogen content and improvement in(5 cm) soil temperature.However,a negative correlation existed between(0~10 cm) soil water content and ammonia volatilization rate.Cumulative ammonia volatilization was 11.4~26.6 kg.hm~(-2) during the entire cucumber growth season.Compared with traditional nitrogen and irrigation treatments,cumulative ammonia volatilization in the 25%-reduction in nitrogen fertilization dropped by 20.8%~22.2%.Also water-saving irrigation treatments concurrently improved cumulative ammonia volatilization by 0~4.51%.The analysis showed that appropriate reductions in nitrogen fertilization significantly limited ammonia volatilization and enhanced irrigation/nitrogen fertilizer efficiency in solar greenhouse soils in Hebei Province.While water-saving also significantly improved irrigation/nitrogen fertilizer efficiency,it failed to significantly reduce ammonia volatilization.Irrigation water-use efficiency of the 25%-reduction in nitrogen fertilization improved by 2.6%~5.9% over traditional nitrogen treatment.Compared with traditional irrigation,agronomic efficiency of nitrogen in water-saving irrigation increased by 13.9%~75.0%.
学科主题	农业工程 ; 环境污染及其防治
语种	中文
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://111.203.20.206/handle/2HMLN22E/17057]
专题	农业环境与可持续发展研究所_旱作节水研究室
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部旱作节水农业重点开放实验室 2.农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室, 北京, 100081 3.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室, 北京, 100081
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李银坤,梅旭荣,武雪萍,等. 不同水氮条件对日光温室冬春茬黄瓜栽培氨挥发的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报,2012,20(11):1413-1419.
APA	李银坤.,梅旭荣.,武雪萍.,郝卫平.,陈敏鹏.,...&李昊儒.(2012).不同水氮条件对日光温室冬春茬黄瓜栽培氨挥发的影响.中国生态农业学报,20(11),1413-1419.
MLA	李银坤,et al."不同水氮条件对日光温室冬春茬黄瓜栽培氨挥发的影响".中国生态农业学报 20.11(2012):1413-1419.