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	散村与集村:传统中国的乡村聚落形态及其演变; Dispersed and Clustered:Rural Settlement Patterns and Its Evolution in Traditional China
	鲁西奇
	2013-07-27
关键词	乡村聚落形态 传统中国 散村 集村 rural settlement pattern traditional China scattered hamlets agglomerated settlements
英文摘要	传统中国的乡村聚落形态,一直以分散居住的小规模散村占据主导地位。文献记载所见汉唐宋元时期北方地区的集村,是经过长期发展、扩大或官府强制合并而形成的结果;现今北方地区集村为主的乡村聚落面貌,是在清中期以后才形成的。南方地区散村向集村的发展,只是局部地区和部分村落的现象,没有普遍性。散村是传统中国乡村聚落形态的原生方式,集村则是长期发展或演变的结果;传统中国乡村聚落形态的总体变化趋势是立基于自然与经济需求的分散居住的原始倾向逐步被放弃,主要立基于社会、政治与文化需求的集中居住越来越成为主导性的倾向。在集村状态下,村落构成为社会关系网络与社会控制的基本单位;而在散村状态下,则以若干自然村落组成的地域区块构成社会关系网络与社会控制的基本单位。; The small-scale,scattered hamlets had been the dominated settlement pattern in traditional China.From the Han Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty,the agglomerated settlements as we see in the historical records were either the products of long-term development and expansion,or the creation of the government administration.It was not until the middle Qing Dynasty that the agglomerated settlements prevailed in Northern China.Nonetheless,in the South,the isolated hamlets rarely agglomerated into larger clusters.The concentration of settlements only happened occasionally in certain villages.Therefore,it is safe to say that the scatter hamlets had been the indigenous settlement pattern in traditional China,while the agglomerated settlements were the outcome of long-term evolution.The general tendency in traditional China was that the original units of settlements,which were decentralized and rooted in natural environment and economic necessity,gradually gave way to the nucleated settlements,which were mainly brought by social,political and cultural centralization.The clustering made villages the basic units for social networking and administration;while in the state of dispersed settlements,the geographical region composed of several natural villages constituted the basic unit of social networking and control.; 国家社科基金项目“汉唐时期长江中游地区的人群、聚落与地域社会”(11BZS077)
语种	zh_CN
内容类型	期刊论文
源URL	[http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/117440]
专题	人文学院－已发表论文
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	鲁西奇. 散村与集村:传统中国的乡村聚落形态及其演变, Dispersed and Clustered:Rural Settlement Patterns and Its Evolution in Traditional China[J],2013.
APA	鲁西奇.(2013).散村与集村:传统中国的乡村聚落形态及其演变..
MLA	鲁西奇."散村与集村:传统中国的乡村聚落形态及其演变".(2013).

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