| 题名 | 大口径钕玻璃包边工程化若干关键问题研究 |
| 作者 | 胡俊江 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 陈伟 |
| 关键词 | 大口径钕玻璃包边 剩余反射率 包边应力 包边热应力 包边寿命 |
| 其他题名 | Researches on several key engineering problems of edge cladding technology for large aperture Nd：Glass |
| 中文摘要 | 激光惯性约束核聚变（Inertial confinement fusion，ICF）是当今国际上的重大基础科研课题，属于国内外研究的前沿和热点领域，也是规模巨大的工程项目。大尺寸掺钕磷酸盐激光玻璃是ICF高功率激光驱动器中的主要光学元件，也是ICF装置中使用数量最多，尺寸较大的光学元件，为抑制放大自发辐射（Amplified Spontaneous Emission，ASE）和寄生振荡（Parasitic Oscillations，PO），需要对其进行包边处理，而其工程化包边性能的指标也是钕玻璃片整体性能技术指标的一个重要方面。美国国家点火装置（National Ignition Facility，NIF）中用的激光玻璃采用有机聚合物粘接剂在钕玻璃片侧面粘合上一层吸收介质。而随着国内神光系列装置的建设，对包边也提出了非常高的要求。我们研制的有机聚合物包边技术已经成功应用在神光系列装置中，但与工程装置的技术要求和工程生产还有一定的技术差距。因此，研究钕玻璃片的包边工程技术和提升包边性能是一个重要的工程技术研究课题，它对我国ICF激光驱动装置的建设具有重要实践意义。 本论文从工程化角度出发，基于现有有机聚合物包边技术，分析并研究了包边工程化若干关键问题，主要是包边剩余反射、包边附加应力和包边寿命等三方面。对包边剩余反射影响因素，包边静态附加应力和热应力影响因素，包边寿命影响因素进行了全面分析和较为深入的研究，并在包边工程化实验方面开展了大量验证工作，研究和实验结果可为提升钕玻璃片包边性能在工程化方面提供重要参考。本论文的主要内容有： 1.本文首先分析并总结了激光增益介质内部放大自发辐射和寄生振荡研究的成果，然后比较总结了为提高激光增益介质总体性能而研究开发的各种抑制放大自发辐射的包边技术，特别是针对用于ICF激光驱动器使用的钕玻璃片所开发研制的各种包边技术。 2.全面研究了剩余反射的各种影响因素。通过理论计算，并结合折射率温度系数的实验，分析了折射率差异，表面加工质量，胶层厚度以及钕玻璃片使用过程中热量对包边剩余反射的影响。钕玻璃-包边胶-包边玻璃的折射率差异是影响包边剩余反射的最主要因素，通过控制三种材料的包边折射率，可以有效降低包边剩余反射，例如当折射率差值小于0.003，在包边界面处，由于钕玻璃-包边胶，包边胶-包边玻璃界面的反射（忽略包边玻璃-空气界面反射），大部分角度范围内反射率远小于0.001。钕玻璃侧面采用倾斜角度设计，可以降低由于折射匹配而造成的大角度入射光反射率的影响。采用合适的包边玻璃吸收系数和厚度，可以充分吸收放大自发辐射，而不至于引起界面过高的温升，包边玻璃吸收系数和吸收厚度乘积范围可以选择在2~6。 3.全面研究了包边后钕玻璃片中的附加应力的影响因素。利用偏振光分析的手段，实验研究分析了影响附加应力的各种因素。钕玻璃和包边玻璃附加应力是影响包边应力的主要因素，当钕玻璃，包边玻璃应力较大时，包边粘接后的附加应力也比较大。有机聚合物包边胶的粘弹性特性也是影响粘接附加应力的一个主要因素，其收缩率和模量对粘接内应力的影响较大，为降低包边粘接附加应力，需要降低包边胶的收缩率和模量。包边面的光学加工质量对包边附加应力的也有影响，粘接面形匹配差，界面附近附加应力大。包边工艺过程对粘接附加应力也存在影响，特别是粘接固化过程中的固化温度，固定压力和胶层厚度对粘接附加应力影响也较大。 4.全面研究了包边热应力的影响因素。热应力主要受包边玻璃的掺杂浓度，钕玻璃和包边玻璃的热膨胀系数差异影响。在充分吸收ASE前提下，应采用低掺杂浓度包边玻璃，并且包边玻璃和钕玻璃的膨胀系数尽可能接近，可以有效降低热膨胀造成的热应力。 5.全面分析了影响包边寿命的各种因素。通过实验和理论分析，对影响包边寿命的影响因素有了比较全面的分析和认识，并在实验和工程上对包边寿命的考核方法进行了讨论。影响包边寿命的因素主要包括有机聚合物包边胶的抗老化能力、外部的脉冲氙灯中紫外光辐照、 包边胶中杂质颗粒、以及包边的附加应力和热应力。提出了有效提高包边寿命的工程方法和质量控制手段。并在钕玻璃与氙灯综合考核平台进行了10000发次包边寿命考核实验，分析胶层质量变化和应力变化，对包边寿命进行了评估，认为通过控制各种包边寿命的影响因素，包边寿命可以达到数千发次。 |
| 英文摘要 | Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a frontier major basic research, and a lot of work has been done on it worldwide.，Large size Nd3+-doped phosphate glass disk, the most used and the largest optical element in ICF, is a core working material in high-peak power solid state laser systems such as SG-II, SG-III, LMJ, and NIF. In order to decrease the reflectivity of ASE (amplified spontaneous emission), suppress PO (parasitic oscillations) at the edges and minimize the energy loss of the disks, edge cladding is required to absorb the reflected or scattered 1μm light. Thusly, cladding property is one of the qualifications of Nd: Glass. Laser glass used in NIF was bonded at the edges with absorbing glass by organic polymer. With the establishment of the SG series laser system, very strict requirements were put forward for edge cladding. The organic polymer cladding technology, developed in the past years, has been successfully applied in the SG system. While improvement is still needed considering of the technical requirements for edge cladding. Therefore, enhancing the overall performance of Nd: glass is a major engineering technology, which is significant to the national construction of ICF laser system.Based on the polymer cladding technology, this paper investigated several key engineering problems of edge cladding process, which are residual reflection，residual stress and cladding lifetime. The impact factors of the bound residual reflection, static subsidiary stress and cladding lifetime were analyzed thoroughly. Quite many experiments have been carried out in the Nd: glass cladding project, providing references to the design and development of the laser glass edge cladding process.The main contents of the dissertation are following: Summarized the investigation results on ASE and PO in laser gain media, focusing on the different technologies about ASE suppression, especially on the various edge cladding technologies that were developed for the Nd: glass used in ICF. Investigated the influencing factors of the residual reflection, including the refractive index difference, the processing quality of the bonding surface, the bond thickness and the possible impactions to the residual reflection by the temperature rising in cladding class during the operation of the amplifier. Refractive index differences between the Nd-glass-polymer glue-cladding glasses are the main impacting factors for the residual reflection. By controlling the refractive index difference, the residual reflection can be reduced effectively. For example, when?n≤0.003, the interface reflections between Nd: glass-polymer glue-cladding glass will make the reflectivity much less than 0.001 in most of the incident range. The appropriate tilting angle of Nd: glass edges can reduce the reflectivity caused by the large-angle incident light. Proper absorption coefficient and thickness of the cladding glass will effectively absorb ASE without causing higher temperature in the interface. The absorption coefficient and thickness can be selected in the range2<βl<6. Investigations on the possible impacting factors of the residual stress in the edge cladding process. Polarized light analysis method was used to identify various impacting factors which induced residual stress and cladding thermal stress. Residual stresses of Nd: glass together with the cladding glass are the main factors that influence the residual stress of the cladding bonded interface. Nd: glass and cladding glass with large stresses lead to large residual stress in the bonded interface. The viscoelastic property of the polymer is another key factor relating to the residual stress, especially its shrinkage ratio and modulus. In order to reduce the residual stress of edge bonding, polymer with low shrinkage ratio and modulus is needed. Sub-quality Surface polishing will introduce subsidiary stress, while cladding process will influence the adhesive residual stress, especially the fixed pressure in the adhesive curing process and the adhesive layer thickness. Investigate the influence of thermal stress to the cladding process. Thermal stress is mainly affected by CuO doping concentration and the thermal expansion coefficient difference between Nd: glass and cladding glass. When ASE absorption is sufficient, applying cladding glass with low CuO concentration and close thermal expansion coefficient to Nd: glass would reduce the thermal stress caused by CuO absorption and thermal expansion difference effectively. Analyzed the impacting factors on the service life of the edge cladding. General comprehensives were revealed on the factors that influence the cladding lifetime, and the corresponding lifetime evaluation methods were proposed which is recommended to be used in edge cladding engineering. The main factors affecting the edge service life is the anti-aging ability of the organic polymer itself, UV pulse of the xenon lamp, contamination particles in the polymer and the subsidiary &thermal stress in the edge cladding. Put forward engineering methods and quality monitoring program to improve the service life of the edge cladding effectively. And 10000 shots service life experiments have been carried out on the evaluation platform，analyzing the bond quality variation, the stress variation together with the changes of the whole edge cladding, evaluating the service life of the edge cladding further。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15930]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 胡俊江. 大口径钕玻璃包边工程化若干关键问题研究[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2015. |
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