| 题名 | 机载全光纤相干多普勒激光测风雷达 |
| 作者 | 刁伟峰 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2015 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 |
| 导师 | 陈卫标 |
| 关键词 | 风速测量 多普勒激光雷达 相干探测 全光纤激光器 风速反演 非线性最小二乘法 机载飞行试验 |
| 其他题名 | Airborne all fiber coherent Doppler wind lidar |
| 中文摘要 | 本论文主要针对机载平台大气三维风速剖面高精度测量应用需求，进行机载平台激光雷达风速测量理论、风速反演算法、机载系统控制和数据处理软件与实验验证方面的研究。 本论文的主要研究内容和创新点包括： 1.对机载平台下的相干激光测风理论进行理论研究。对不同参考系下的坐标系与物理变量进行定义描述，实现运动平台的俯仰角、偏航角、翻滚角的姿态校正。针对PPI（平面位置显示）、RHI（距离高度显示）和VAD（速度方位显示）三种风速扫描模式，并介绍了实现不同显示扫描模式相对应的单平面镜、双平面镜和楔形透镜扫描方式。完成了多方位VAD扫描探测的风剖面矢量反演。 2.针对机载平台测风应用，设计风速处理流程反演算法，得到了相互独立的视线风速模块和合成的机载激光雷达测量的风剖面矢量。对机载测风系统进行了模拟仿真研究，对其中可能产生的误差来源进行了误差仿真分析。针对运动平台下的数据匹配，研究了视线风速提取算法和三维风矢量处理算法，完成了平台姿态、平台高度及平台运动速度的校正。 3.针对机载平台激光测风雷达应用需求，设计了C#架构的激光雷达系统控制和数据处理软件，采用多线程模式，实现了激光雷达工作控制、状态参数监测和大数据量预处理及串口传输接收。 4.建立了多套全光纤相干多普勒激光测风雷达样机系统，开展了激光雷达性能参数优化和系统参数定标实验，进行了大量地基平台和车载动平台验证试验，实现了垂直方向大于4km的风速高精度测量，并与风廓线雷达和探空气球测量的风速剖面成功进行了对比验证，风速偏差小于1m/s，风向偏差小于5度，验证了激光雷达数据处理方法的有效性和系统优异的探测性能。 5.2015年1月在山东威海及其周边海域，利用Y-12固定翼飞机平台成功开展机载相干多普勒激光测风雷达飞行验证实验，实现3km以下大气风速剖面高精度测量，距离分辨率30m，水平风速更新率15s，同时在地面验证点与地基测风气球和地基激光测风雷达进行了对比实验，风速偏差小于1.2m/s，风向偏差小于6.5度，验证了机载测风激光雷达风速数据反演方法及其校正方法的有效性。 |
| 英文摘要 | This dissertation focuses on application requirements of airborne atmospheric three dimentional wind profiles, and airborne all fiber coherent Doppler wind lidar system is developed and presented，including airborne platform wind speed measurement theory, wind retrieval algorithm, airborne lidar control and data processing software development, and the corresponding campaigmn experiments. The main parts of dissertation are presented as follows: 1.The airborne coherent Doppler lidar wind measurement theory is studied. Coordinate system and physical variables of different reference frames are defined. Aircraft attitude angles of pitch, yaw and roll correction is implemented to retrieve wind speed. Plane position indication (PPI), range height indicator (RHI) and velocity azimuth display (VAD) are employed for atmospheric wind field detection. Several scanning modes based on single mirror, double mirrors and single wedge lens are studied respectively. Wind profile vector retrieval from multiple azimuths VAD scanning probe is realized. 2.Wind velocity retrieval algorithms are designed for airborne platform wind theory application. Independent line of sight wind speed retrieval module and airborne lidar wind measurement vector are obtained. Airborne wind lidar system is simulated and possible errors source for wind speed calculations are analyzed. For motion platform data matching, the line of sight wind speed extraction algorithm and three dimensional wind vector processing algorithm are studied with the platform attitudes, height and velocity corrected. 3.A complete set of C# software architecture is designed for airborne wind lidar, which contains definition description of “Class”, the physical layer and data layer interface. Laser radar control, state parameter monitoring, large amount of data preprocessing and serial port communication are realized with multithreading solution. 4.Several all-fiber coherent Doppler wind lidar sytems are developed, including the principled prototype, engineering prototype and airborne prototype. The main system parameters are optimized and calibration experiments are implemented. In order to validate the wind profiles performance, ground-based and mobile vehicle-mounted campaign experiments are carried out, and wind profiles higher than 4km are obtained. The lidar measured wind profiles are compared with wind profile radar and radiosonde balloon. Wind speed deviation of less than 1m/s and wind direction deviation of less than 5° are validated. Then effectiveness of the laser radar data processing method and system superior detection performance are verified. 5.In January 2015, in Weihai Shandong successful coherent Doppler lidar flight experiments were implemented in Y-12 fixed wing aircraft platform. The filght alitidue is about 3 km and flight speed is almost 55m/s. Wind profiles below the aircraft were measured with range resolution of 30m, wind speed update rate of 15s. The airborne lidar measured wind profiles were compared with ground-based all-fiber coherent wind lidar and balloon theodolite system ,and accurate wind profiles are validated with wind speed deviation less than 1.2 m/s and wind direction deviation less than 6. 5°. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 内容类型 | 学位论文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.siom.ac.cn/handle/181231/15914]  |
| 专题 | 上海光学精密机械研究所_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刁伟峰. 机载全光纤相干多普勒激光测风雷达[D]. 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所. 2015. |
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