To dispose/reuse antibiotic residues, Hydrothermal Pretreatment (HTPT) of Cephalosporin C Antibiotic Residue (CPCAR) coupled with air staging combustion of its produced solid biofuels was proposed and investigated based on pilot scale experiments. The results showed that the HTPT + combustion process could be energetically self-sufficient. HTPT reduced the N content but enhanced the S content in the produced solid biofuels, compared to the raw material. HTPT decreased the viscosity of the dried raw CPCAR and thus facilitated feeding material for combustion, and NOx emission concentration could be lower than 200 ppm. However, SOx emission concentration was unexpectedly high. Nevertheless, the technology of HTPT coupled with air staging combustion exhibited a good prospective for clean energy recovery from antibiotic residues.