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题名月球电离层探测研究
作者王震
学位类别博士
答辩日期2015
授予单位中国科学院大学
授予地点中国科学院新疆天文台
导师王娜 ; 平劲松
关键词月球电离层 行星无线电掩星技术 数据反演技术
其他题名Investigation of Lunar Ionosphere base on Occultation
学位专业理学
中文摘要在深空探测任务中,行星无线电技术是基于解算分析飞行器到地球测站的无线电波在传播路径上的扰动效应开展月球与行星科学研究的工作,此技术具有高精度、高垂直分辨率、全天候观测和低成本的优点。根据测控飞行器的通信载波无线电信号的相位与幅度变化,反演行星大气和电离层的结构、月球与行星重力场、行星质量、行星环的特征、历表,以及验证广义相对论效应。 自20世纪90年代以来,国际上兴起了新一轮月球探测的热潮。一方面通过对月球地形、重力、内部结构以及月球空间环境的探测研究来揭示月球的演化历程,另一方面为进一步的月面着陆探测和建立月球基地开展准备工作。在中国的嫦娥工程探测任务中,行星无线电技术成功地用于对飞行器的精密定轨和对月球重力场模型的反演优化。中国月球探测以绕、落、回三部曲为主线,简洁而完美地诠释了人类月球探测历程,为将来探月的远景设想规划奠基铺路。 基于以上的背景,本文首先介绍了星载频率源。星载频率源是开展深空探测通信的基础,分析讨论了其对测量精度的相关性、影响和潜在的误差来源。 然后,详细深入探讨了行星无线电掩星原理,相位反演技术算法;进一步对独立研发的高精度弱信号提取算法进行了讨论和剖析,该算法成功用于SELENE任务中子卫星发出的频率稳定度仅有10-7/100 s 的单载波弱信号的提取。 最后,对行星学术界具有争议的稀薄微弱的月球电离层进行了深入的研究,2008-2009年期间,SELENE探月任务提供了研究月球空间环境电离层的机会,利用无线电掩星探测技术,在地球测站的视向方向,卫星被月球电离层遮挡时,测站天线面向信标卫星实施地-基掩星观测。通过对小型VLBI天线观测数据的分析,从大量的观测数据中搜索出一例多站同时观测到的掩星事件的记录,采用单星双频差分模式和相位数据反演技术,消除星载频率源的误差、地-月几何多普勒效应、地球中性大气层和测站接收设备扰乱的影响;然后,采用趋势外推算法,进一步消除地球电离层和行星际等离子体介质的扰乱影响,残余的信号相位反映了月球电离层中的弥散介质引起的相位变化,通过相位解析,给出距离月球表面附近0-30 km电子总含量廓线,证认了月球周围存在稀薄的电离层,电子总含量可以达到 ~1014/m2 量级。并且,尝试使用同波束双星双频双差分模式解析月球电离层,分析了此方法的优缺点,建议在适当的时机,把同波束双星双频双差分技术推广到我国的将来的月球和行星空间环境的探测任务。
英文摘要In deep space exploration mission, According to the measurement and control of aircraft radio communication carrier signal phase and amplitude changes, the inversion of the planet's atmosphere and the ionosphere structure, lunar and planetary gravity field, quality of gravity field, characteristics of planetary rings, precise satellite ephemeris, and verify the effect of the general theory of relativity. Base on the above background, first of all, satellite-born frequency source was introduced. The on-board frequency source for satellite control system is the foundation of communication in the deep space exploration mission, analysis its influence on the correlation of measurement accuracy, and potential sources of error. Secondly, discuss the radio occultation technique and phase inversion algorithm in details. Furthermore, the single wave carrier of weak signal extraction algorithms is discussed and analyze from the frequency stability of the Selenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) mission for 10-7/100 s. Finally, the intriguing and controversial lunar ionosphere, which has the sporadic, tenuous and asymmetric distribution in the vicinity of the lunar surface, is conducted in-depth research. In VLBI tracking observation of the sub-satellite Vstar of the Japanese lunar mission SELENE, there were opportunities of a kind of lunar grazing occultation, that is we saw Vstar very close to the limb of the Moon. This kind of chance made it possible to probe the thin plasma layer above the moon surface, by using the advanced method of the radio occultation technique and coherent radio waves of the S/X band. The dual-frequency measurements were made at existing Earth-based receiving stations or tracking stations. In the line-of-sight direction between the satellite and the tracking station, the effects of the terrestrial ionosphere, the interplanetary plasma and the thin lunar ionosphere are mixed together in the combined dual-frequency Doppler or phase observables. In order to separate the variation of the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) near the surface of the moon from the mixed signal, the influences of the terrestrial ionosphere and interplanetary disturbance were removed by using the short time trend extrapolation method. The TEC is obtained from the original dual-frequency observation data for Vstar obtained at several tracking stations.
语种中文
学科主题天体物理
内容类型学位论文
源URL[http://ir.xao.ac.cn/handle/45760611-7/644]  
专题研究生
新疆天文台_射电天文研究室
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
王震. 月球电离层探测研究[D]. 中国科学院新疆天文台. 中国科学院大学. 2015.
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